Which disorder is associated with the compression of the bilateral nerve roots of the lumbosacral region?

Anterior spinal artery syndrome

Cauda equina syndrome

Horner's syndrome

Brown-Séquard syndrome

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A rationale: Anterior spinal artery syndrome is caused by ischemia of the anterior two-thirds of the spinal cord, resulting in loss of motor function and pain and temperature sensation below the level of the lesion.

Choice B rationale: This is a condition that occurs when the nerve roots in the lower end of the spinal cord are compressed, causing symptoms such as lower back pain, sciatica, saddle anesthesia, bladder and bowel dysfunction, and sexual dysfunction.

Choice C rationale: Horner's syndrome is caused by damage to the sympathetic nerve fibers in the neck or chest, resulting in drooping eyelid, constricted pupil, and lack of sweating on one side of the face.

Choice D rationale: Brown-Séquard syndrome is caused by hemisection of the spinal cord, resulting in ipsilateral loss of motor function and proprioception and contralateral loss of pain and temperature sensation below the level of the lesion.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A rationale: Dysphagia, substernal burning, and belching are symptoms often associated with hiatal hernia.

Choice B rationale: While substernal burning can be a symptom of stomach-related issues, hiatal hernia is more directly linked to the symptoms described.

Choice C rationale: Schatzki ring might present with dysphagia, but it's less likely given the overall symptoms described.

Choice D rationale: Symptoms of dysphagia and substernal burning can be indicative of a hiatal hernia, especially when considered together.

A. loose stools and choking. B. drooling and a loss of appetite. C. constipation and drooling. D. dysphagia and aspiration.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A rationale: While gastrointestinal issues like loose stools can occur in Parkinson's disease due to impaired bowel movements, they are not the highest risk related to dietary considerations. Choking might occur due to dysphagia, but it's not specifically the highest risk.

Choice B rationale: Drooling, due to weakened or uncoordinated swallowing muscles, is common in Parkinson's disease but might not pose the highest risk. A loss of appetite can occur but might not be the highest dietary risk for the client.

Choice C rationale: Constipation is a common gastrointestinal issue in Parkinson's disease, but though problematic, it's not the highest risk concerning dietary considerations. Drooling can also be present but might not be the primary dietary concern.

Choice D rationale: Parkinson's disease often leads to dysphagia (difficulty swallowing) and aspiration (inhalation of food or liquids into the lungs). These present significant risks related to dietary considerations, as they can lead to serious complications such as pneumonia due to aspiration.

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Which disorder is associated with the compression of the bilateral nerve roots of the lumbosacral region?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

The nurse is teaching a client with Parkinson's disease about dietary considerations. The nurse understands that this client is at highest risk for:

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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