Which clinical manifestation of diabetes mellitus results from chronic hyperglycemia damaging small blood vessels and nerves?
Nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain.
Blurred vision and vision loss.
Impaired wound healing and increased susceptibility to infections.
Numbness, tingling, and pain in the extremities.
The Correct Answer is D
Chronic hyperglycemia in diabetes mellitus can lead to damage of small blood vessels and nerves, resulting in neuropathy characterized by numbness, tingling, and pain in the extremities.
Incorrect choices:
a. This choice is incorrect. Nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain are not typically manifestations of neuropathy in diabetes mellitus.
b. This choice is incorrect. Blurred vision and vision loss are associated with diabetic retinopathy, a microvascular complication, not nerve damage.
c. This choice is incorrect. Impaired wound healing and increased susceptibility to infections are related to the effects of hyperglycemia on blood flow and immune function, rather than nerve damage.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
This statement is incorrect because it inaccurately suggests that insulin administration is only necessary for type 1 diabetes. While it is essential for type 1 diabetes, it can also be used in some cases of type 2 diabetes when other treatments are ineffective.
Incorrect choices:
a. This statement is correct. Insulin facilitates the entry of glucose into cells for energy.
b. This statement is correct. Insulin is produced by the pancreas and released in response to elevated blood sugar levels.
d. This statement is correct. In type 2 diabetes, insulin resistance occurs, meaning the body's cells become less responsive to the effects of insulin.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Intensive insulin therapy involves close monitoring of blood glucose levels and making frequent adjustments to insulin doses to achieve tight glycemic control and prevent complications in individuals with diabetes mellitus.
Incorrect choices:
a. This choice is incorrect. Sliding-scale insulin therapy involves adjusting insulin doses based on current blood glucose levels, without considering other factors such as carbohydrate intake and activity.
c. This choice is incorrect. Insulin detemir therapy is a form of basal insulin coverage and does not necessarily involve frequent adjustments.
d. This choice is incorrect. Oral antidiabetic medications are not part of intensive insulin therapy.
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