Which clinical manifestation may indicate a possible stress fracture?
Severe pain and visible deformity
Sudden onset of swelling and bruising
Gradual onset of localized pain with activity
Inability to bear weight on the affected limb
The Correct Answer is C
Stress fractures are small, hairline cracks in the bone that occur due to repetitive stress or overuse. They typically present with a gradual onset of localized pain that worsens with activity.
a. Severe pain and visible deformity: Severe pain and visible deformity are more commonly seen in acute fractures resulting from trauma or high-impact injuries, not stress fractures.
b. Sudden onset of swelling and bruising: Sudden onset of swelling and bruising is more indicative of acute fractures, not stress fractures.
d. Inability to bear weight on the affected limb: Inability to bear weight may be present in some fractures, but it is not a specific characteristic of stress fractures.
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Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Assessing the neurovascular status of the affected limb is the priority nursing consideration in a patient with a fracture. Checking for pulses, capillary refill, sensation, and motor function helps identify neurovascular compromise, which requires immediate intervention to prevent potential tissue damage and complications.
a. Monitoring the patient's pain level is essential, but it is not the priority over assessing neurovascular status. Pain management can be addressed after ensuring the limb's vascular and neurological integrity.
c. Evaluating the range of motion in nearby joints is important for overall assessment, but it is not as critical as assessing neurovascular status in a patient with a fracture.
d. Instructing the patient about cast care is necessary, but it is not the priority consideration when the patient's neurovascular status is at risk.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Hypertrophic nonunion occurs when there is excessive callus formation at the fracture site, but the bone ends fail to unite. This can lead to persistent pain and limited function.
a. Nonunion: Nonunion occurs when the fractured bone fails to heal and fuse together, but it does not involve excessive callus formation.
b. Malunion: Malunion refers to a fracture that heals in an incorrect position or alignment, and it is not directly related to excessive callus formation.
c. Delayed union: Delayed union refers to a fracture that takes longer than usual to heal, and it is not specifically characterized by excessive callus formation.
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