Which are potential results of end-organ damage from chronic hypertension? (Select all that apply.)

Choice A reason: The classic signs of elevated glucose levels, polyuria, polyphagia, and polydipsia are rarely present in older adults is true because older adults may have impaired thirst sensation, reduced appetite, or altered renal function that can mask these symptoms. They may also have other chronic conditions or medications that can affect their glucose levels or urine output.

Choice B reason: Older adults tend to metabolize glucose at a faster rate than younger adults is false because older adults usually have a slower metabolism and a reduced insulin sensitivity that can impair their glucose regulation. They may also have less muscle mass and more fat tissue that can affect their glucose utilization.

Choice C reason: Fingerstick glucose monitoring is inaccurate in older adults is false because fingerstick glucose monitoring is a reliable and convenient method to measure blood glucose levels in older adults, as long as they follow the proper technique and calibration. They may also benefit from using devices that have larger displays, voice output, or memory functions.

Choice D reason: There is a higher tolerance for elevated levels of circulating glucose in older adults is false because elevated levels of circulating glucose can cause serious complications in older adults, such as cardiovascular disease, kidney disease, nerve damage, or infections. Older adults may have a higher risk of developing these complications due to their age, comorbidities, or frailty.

Choice A reason: Aphasia is a language disorder that affects the ability to communicate, not the ability to walk or balance.

Choice B reason: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is caused by external forces, such as a blow to the head, not by internal factors, such as diseases or deficiencies.

Choice C reason: Gait disturbances are problems with walking or balance that can result from neurological damage affecting the motor system.

Choice D reason: Postprandial hypotension (PPH) is a drop in blood pressure after eating that can cause dizziness or fainting, but it is not directly related to neurological damage.

Choice E reason: Fallophobia is a fear of falling or heights, not a condition caused by neurological damage.