Which action by a psychiatric nurse best applies the ethical principle of autonomy?

Intervening when a self-mutilating patient attempts to harm self.

Exploring alternative solutions with the patient, who then makes a choice.

Staying with a patient demonstrating a high level of anxiety.

Suggesting that two patients who were fighting be restricted to the unit.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Intervening when a self-mutilating patient attempts to harm self reflects beneficence and nonmaleficence, prioritizing safety rather than autonomy.

B. Supporting the patient to explore alternatives and make their own choice directly respects and promotes the ethical principle of autonomy.

C. Staying with a patient demonstrating a high level of anxiety demonstrates beneficence by providing support, not autonomy.

D. Suggesting restrictions for patients who were fighting reflects justice or safety measures, not the patient’s personal decision-making.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. This involves memory loss due to brain injury or alcohol abuse, not acute fluctuating confusion.

B. Alzheimer’s causes progressive, irreversible memory decline that develops gradually, not suddenly over 2 days.

C. Delirium is characterized by acute onset, fluctuating levels of orientation, confusion, speech changes, and impaired gait, often triggered by medications, infections, or metabolic issues.

D. Dementia develops slowly and progressively, not suddenly like delirium.

A. Tranylcypromine sulfate (Parnate) B. Amitriptyline (Elavil) C. Desipramine (Norpramin) D. Fluoxetine (Prozac)

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Tranylcypromine sulfate (Parnate) is a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) that carries a high risk of toxicity in overdose and is generally avoided in patients with a history of suicide attempts.

B. Amitriptyline (Elavil) is a tricyclic antidepressant (TCA), which can be lethal in overdose, making it unsafe for patients at high risk for suicide.

C. Desipramine (Norpramin) is also a TCA and poses a similar overdose risk as amitriptyline, so it is not preferred for suicidal patients.

D. Fluoxetine (Prozac) is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), which has a much lower lethality in overdose compared to TCAs or MAOIs, making it the preferred choice for patients with a history of suicidal behavior.

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Which action by a psychiatric nurse best applies the ethical principle of autonomy?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

An older adult patient takes multiple medications daily. Over 2 days, the patient developed confusion, slurred speech, an unsteady galt, and fluctuating levels of orientation. These findings are most characteristics of

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Explanation

An adult outpatient diagnosed with major depressive disorder has a history of several suicide attempts by overdose. Given this patient's history and diagnosis, which antidepressant medication would the nurse expect to be prescribed to this patient?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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