Which action by a psychiatric nurse best applies the ethical principle of autonomy?
Intervening when a self-mutilating patient attempts to harm self.
Exploring alternative solutions with the patient, who then makes a choice.
Staying with a patient demonstrating a high level of anxiety.
Suggesting that two patients who were fighting be restricted to the unit.
The Correct Answer is B
A. Intervening when a self-mutilating patient attempts to harm self reflects beneficence and nonmaleficence, prioritizing safety rather than autonomy.
B. Supporting the patient to explore alternatives and make their own choice directly respects and promotes the ethical principle of autonomy.
C. Staying with a patient demonstrating a high level of anxiety demonstrates beneficence by providing support, not autonomy.
D. Suggesting restrictions for patients who were fighting reflects justice or safety measures, not the patient’s personal decision-making.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Referring the patient to a minister avoids the nurse’s responsibility to provide immediate therapeutic support.
B. This response reflects the patient’s feelings and encourages further expression, which is therapeutic in depression.
C. Asking “why” can feel judgmental and place the patient on the defensive, which is non-therapeutic.
D. Giving false reassurance or imposing religious beliefs does not address the patient’s feelings and may shut down communication.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. A dimly lit room can increase misperceptions and hallucinations, worsening fear.
B. The client is experiencing alcohol withdrawal delirium with hallucinations, agitation, and high risk for injury. Continuous monitoring ensures safety and allows immediate intervention.
C. Hydration is important, but it is not the priority compared to preventing injury during hallucinations.
D. Intermittent checks are not enough; the client requires continuous supervision for safety.
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