Which action by a psychiatric nurse best applies the ethical principle of autonomy?
Intervening when a self-mutilating patient attempts to harm self.
Exploring alternative solutions with the patient, who then makes a choice.
Staying with a patient demonstrating a high level of anxiety.
Suggesting that two patients who were fighting be restricted to the unit.
The Correct Answer is B
A. Intervening when a self-mutilating patient attempts to harm self reflects beneficence and nonmaleficence, prioritizing safety rather than autonomy.
B. Supporting the patient to explore alternatives and make their own choice directly respects and promotes the ethical principle of autonomy.
C. Staying with a patient demonstrating a high level of anxiety demonstrates beneficence by providing support, not autonomy.
D. Suggesting restrictions for patients who were fighting reflects justice or safety measures, not the patient’s personal decision-making.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Stereotyped behavior, echopraxia, echolalia, and waxy flexibility are characteristic of the catatonic stage of schizophrenia, not the prodromal stage.
B. Auditory hallucinations, ideas of reference, thought insertion, and broadcasting are positive symptoms that typically emerge during the active stage of schizophrenia.
C. Loose associations, concrete thinking, and neologisms also represent active-phase symptoms and are not typical in the prodromal stage.
D. The prodromal stage is marked by subtle changes in behavior and cognition, including social withdrawal, misinterpretation of events, poor concentration, and preoccupation with unusual thoughts or religion. These signs precede the onset of full-blown psychotic symptoms.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Word salad refers to a jumble of incoherent words and phrases without logical connection, as seen in the patient’s statement.
B. Echolalia is the repetition of another person’s spoken words, not unrelated word combinations.
C. Neologism is the invention of new, made-up words, not a random string of real words.
D. Anhedonia is the inability to experience pleasure, not a speech disturbance.
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