When showering a patient, which of the following actions should the nurse take to ensure patient safety?

A. As people age, the glands in the ear may produce more cerumen (earwax), and the ear canal may also become narrower, leading to a buildup of wax. This can affect hearing and may require regular cleaning by a healthcare professional.
B. With aging, peripheral vision often decreases due to changes in the retina and other parts of the eye. Older adults may experience difficulties in peripheral awareness, making it harder to detect objects or movements outside their central line of sight.
C. As people age, they may experience decreased sensitivity to touch due to changes in nerve endings and skin elasticity. Many older adults report a reduced sense of touch, which can affect balance and coordination.
D. In fact, older adults typically experience decreased pupil size and a reduced response to changes in light. The pupils may become more fixed and less able to dilate quickly in response to dim light.

A. Urinary retention can lead to an increased risk of urinary tract infections. When urine remains in the bladder for prolonged periods, it can become a breeding ground for bacteria, increasing the likelihood of infection.
B. While bladder outlet obstruction can lead to urinary retention, this is more of a potential cause rather than a complication to monitor. In an immobile client, it may not be the primary concern unless there are specific signs or known conditions that suggest obstruction.
C. Proteinuria (presence of protein in the urine) is typically associated with kidney damage or disease, rather than urinary retention itself. While kidney function should always be monitored in any patient, protein in the urine is not a direct consequence of urinary retention or immobility.
D. Neurogenic bladder refers to bladder dysfunction due to nerve problems, affecting the ability to sense fullness or control urination. While this can be a concern for clients with certain neurological conditions, it is not an immediate monitoring concern for a client experiencing urinary retention solely due to immobility.