A nurse is collecting data on an older adult client. Which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse that the client has a bladder infection?

Choice A reason: BUN or blood urea nitrogen 30 mg/dL is above the normal range of 10 to 20 mg/dL and indicates renal impairment or dehydration, which can be caused by contrast dye used during coronary angiography or blood loss during or after the procedure. The nurse should report this value to the provider and monitor the client for signs of acute kidney injury, such as oliguria, edema, or electrolyte imbalances.

Choice B reason: Sinus rhythm 95/min on a cardiac monitor is within the normal range of 60 to 100/min and does not indicate any cardiac arrhythmia or ischemia.

Choice C reason: Respiratory rate 12/min is within the normal range of 12 to 20/min and does not indicate any respiratory distress or hypoxia.

Choice D reason: PTT or partial thromboplastin time 25 seconds is within the normal range of 25 to 35 seconds and does not indicate any bleeding disorder or anticoagulant therapy.

Choice A: This is correct because offering artificial saliva frequently can help moisten the mouth and improve the taste of food. Radiation therapy can cause dry mouth and altered taste sensation.

Choice B: This is incorrect because providing three large meals daily can be overwhelming and unappetizing for the client. The nurse should provide small, frequent meals that are high in protein and calories.

Choice C: This is incorrect because adding honey to sweeten fruit smoothies can irritate the throat and increase the risk of infection. The nurse should avoid foods that are acidic, spicy, or sticky.

Choice D: This is incorrect because heating food before serving can enhance the unpleasant taste and smell of food. The nurse should serve food cold or at room temperature.