When monitoring patients on antitubercular drug therapy, the nurse knows that which drug may cause a decrease in visual acuity?

Rifampin

Ethambutol

Streptomycin

Isoniazid

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A rationale:

Rifampin Rifampin is an antitubercular drug that is effective against all strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It works by inhibiting the synthesis of RNA in the bacteria, preventing them from reproducing. However, it does not typically cause a decrease in visual acuity.

Choice B rationale:

Ethambutol Ethambutol is an antitubercular drug that can cause ocular toxicity in the form of visual field changes. It is known to induce toxic optic neuropathy, which is quite common and can lead to a decrease in visual acuity. Patients on Ethambutol therapy are advised to report any changes in visual acuity or eye discomfort immediately to their healthcare provider.

Choice C rationale:

Streptomycin Streptomycin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic used in the treatment of tuberculosis. It works by inhibiting protein synthesis in bacteria. While it can cause side effects such as ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity, it is not typically associated with a decrease in visual acuity.

Choice D rationale:

Isoniazid Isoniazid is a first-line antitubercular drug that works by inhibiting the synthesis of mycolic acids in the cell wall of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While it can cause peripheral neuropathy, it is not typically associated with a decrease in visual acuity.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale:

This choice is incorrect. While it’s true that antiviral drugs can be effective in treating the flu, they’re most effective when started within 48 hours of symptom onset. Starting treatment after 4 days may not provide the same benefits.

Choice B rationale:

This choice is incorrect. While a blood test can confirm the presence of the flu virus, it’s not typically necessary to diagnose the flu. Diagnosis is usually based on symptoms and the fact that the flu is widespread in the community.

Choice C rationale:

This choice is correct. Antiviral drugs are most effective when started within 2 days of symptom onset. After this time, the benefits of these drugs decrease. Therefore, starting treatment 4 days after symptoms begin may not significantly reduce the duration or severity of symptoms.

Choice D rationale:

This choice is incorrect. While it’s true that getting a flu vaccine is important, it’s not the best response in this situation. The flu vaccine won’t treat current illness. It’s designed to prevent future infections. In this case, the individual is already sick, so a booster vaccination wouldn’t be the most effective course of action.

A. A one-time infusion of amphotericin B B. A single dose of a vaginal antifungal cream C. A single dose of a fluconazole oral tablet D. There is no better alternative to the suppositories

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale:

Amphotericin B is a potent antifungal medication used to treat severe fungal infections. However, it is typically reserved for life-threatening systemic fungal infections due to its potential for serious side effects, including kidney damage and infusion reactions. It is not commonly used as a first-line treatment for vaginal yeast infections.

Choice B rationale:

While antifungal creams can be effective for treating vaginal yeast infections, they typically require a treatment course of several days. This option may not be the best choice for a patient seeking a quicker, one-time treatment.

Choice C rationale:

A single dose of a fluconazole oral tablet is often an effective treatment for vaginal yeast infections. Fluconazole works by inhibiting the growth of the yeast causing the infection. It is convenient for patients because it only requires one dose, unlike creams or suppositories that need to be applied for several days.

Choice D rationale:

There are indeed alternatives to antifungal suppositories for treating vaginal yeast infections. As mentioned above, a single dose of fluconazole is one such alternative. Therefore, stating that there is no better alternative to the suppositories is not accurate.

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When monitoring patients on antitubercular drug therapy, the nurse knows that which drug may cause a decrease in visual acuity?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A young adult calls the clinic to ask for a prescription for a new flu drug. He says he has had the flu for almost 4 days and just heard about a drug that can reduce the symptoms. What is the nurse’s best response to his request?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A patient has been prescribed a 2-week course of antifungal suppositories for a vaginal yeast infection. She asks the nurse if there is an alternative to this medication, stating, “I don’t want to do this for 2 weeks!” What could be a possible alternative in this situation?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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