What type of shock is characterized by a hypersensitivity reaction causing massive vasodilation and capillary leaks, which may occur with a drug or latex allergy?
Anaphylactic shock.
Cardiogenic shock.
Neurogenic shock.
Hypovolemic shock.
The Correct Answer is A
The correct answer is choice A: Anaphylactic shock.
Choice A rationale:
Anaphylactic shock is the correct answer. Anaphylactic shock is a severe and potentially life-threatening allergic reaction that causes massive vasodilation, capillary leakage, and bronchoconstriction. It can occur rapidly after exposure to an allergen such as certain foods, insect stings, medications, or latex. The release of histamine and other inflammatory mediators leads to systemic vasodilation and increased permeability of blood vessels, resulting in a sudden drop in blood pressure and compromised organ perfusion.
Choice B rationale:
Cardiogenic shock is characterized by inadequate cardiac output due to severe heart dysfunction. It is typically caused by conditions like myocardial infarction, heart failure, or other cardiac issues. While allergic reactions can potentially affect the cardiovascular system, the symptoms described in the question are more indicative of anaphylactic shock.
Choice C rationale:
Neurogenic shock results from disruption of sympathetic nervous system control over blood vessel tone, often due to spinal cord injury or severe emotional distress. This leads to widespread vasodilation and a sudden drop in blood pressure. While it can cause hemodynamic instability, it doesn't specifically involve the hypersensitivity reaction and capillary leaks associated with anaphylactic shock.
Choice D rationale:
Hypovolemic shock is caused by a significant loss of blood volume or bodily fluids, leading to decreased intravascular volume and subsequent inadequate tissue perfusion. This shock type is not directly related to a hypersensitivity reaction or capillary leakage caused by allergic responses. 2 / 2
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
The correct answer is choice A: Signs of stress.
Choice A rationale:
Children often express stress through physical complaints such as stomach pains, headaches, and fatigue. The 9-year-old's complaints of stomach pains, along with the description of aggressive and stubborn behavior, are indicative of stress. Stressors can include academic pressures, family issues, social challenges, or other emotional factors.
Choice B rationale:
Developmental delay refers to a situation where a child's developmental milestones are significantly delayed compared to their peers. This doesn't align with the presented symptoms of stomach pains, aggression, and stubbornness. These symptoms are more indicative of emotional or psychological distress.
Choice C rationale:
While a physical problem could potentially cause emotional stress, the scenario doesn't provide enough information to directly conclude that a physical problem is the primary trigger. Stomach pains could indeed result from emotional stress, and it's important to consider the child's overall well-being.
Choice D rationale:
Lack of adjustment to the school environment can lead to behavioral and emotional challenges, but it's not the most direct explanation for the symptoms described in the scenario. The combination of stomach pains and behavioral changes suggests a more immediate emotional trigger, which is often stress-related.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
The correct answer is Choice C: Hepatitis B vaccine.
Choice A rationale:
The Hepatitis C vaccine is not currently recommended for routine immunization of newborns. Hepatitis C is primarily transmitted through blood-to-blood contact, and the risk of transmission from mother to newborn is relatively low compared to Hepatitis B.
Choice B rationale:
While Hepatitis A and B vaccines are important for certain populations, including those at higher risk of infection or complications, they are not routinely recommended for all newborns. Hepatitis B vaccination, however, is recommended to be given to all newborns to prevent vertical transmission from mother to child.
Choice C rationale:
Hepatitis B vaccine is now recommended for the immunization of all newborns. This is because vertical transmission of the Hepatitis B virus from mother to child is a significant route of infection. By vaccinating newborns with the Hepatitis B vaccine, the risk of transmission and subsequent development of chronic Hepatitis B infection can be greatly reduced.
Choice D rationale:
Hepatitis A vaccine is not routinely recommended for all newborns. Hepatitis A is typically spread through ingestion of contaminated food or water, and the risk of vertical transmission from mother to newborn is low compared to Hepatitis B.
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