What type of shock is characterized by a hypersensitivity reaction causing massive vasodilation and capillary leaks, which may occur with a drug or latex allergy?
Anaphylactic shock.
Cardiogenic shock.
Neurogenic shock.
Hypovolemic shock.
The Correct Answer is A
The correct answer is choice A: Anaphylactic shock.
Choice A rationale:
Anaphylactic shock is the correct answer. Anaphylactic shock is a severe and potentially life-threatening allergic reaction that causes massive vasodilation, capillary leakage, and bronchoconstriction. It can occur rapidly after exposure to an allergen such as certain foods, insect stings, medications, or latex. The release of histamine and other inflammatory mediators leads to systemic vasodilation and increased permeability of blood vessels, resulting in a sudden drop in blood pressure and compromised organ perfusion.
Choice B rationale:
Cardiogenic shock is characterized by inadequate cardiac output due to severe heart dysfunction. It is typically caused by conditions like myocardial infarction, heart failure, or other cardiac issues. While allergic reactions can potentially affect the cardiovascular system, the symptoms described in the question are more indicative of anaphylactic shock.
Choice C rationale:
Neurogenic shock results from disruption of sympathetic nervous system control over blood vessel tone, often due to spinal cord injury or severe emotional distress. This leads to widespread vasodilation and a sudden drop in blood pressure. While it can cause hemodynamic instability, it doesn't specifically involve the hypersensitivity reaction and capillary leaks associated with anaphylactic shock.
Choice D rationale:
Hypovolemic shock is caused by a significant loss of blood volume or bodily fluids, leading to decreased intravascular volume and subsequent inadequate tissue perfusion. This shock type is not directly related to a hypersensitivity reaction or capillary leakage caused by allergic responses. 2 / 2
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
The correct answer is choice D. Birth history.
Choice A rationale:
The heading "Chief complaint" is used to document the primary reason for the patient seeking medical attention, such as their main symptom or concern. This is usually stated in the patient's own words and provides context for the visit, but it does not encompass information about the circumstances of birth or prematurity.
Choice B rationale:
"Review of systems" involves a systematic approach to inquire about the patient's current symptoms or physical complaints across different body systems. It helps to identify any additional issues the patient might not have mentioned initially, but it does not pertain to birth history or prematurity.
Choice C rationale:
"Present illness" is the section where the nurse documents the patient's current health concern, including the details of the symptoms, their onset, duration, and any associated factors. However, it does not encompass information about the circumstances of birth or prematurity.
Choice D rationale:
"Birth history" is the most appropriate heading for recording information about the infant's delivery, including any difficulties during delivery and the fact that the baby was born prematurely. This information is relevant for understanding the infant's medical background and potential risk factors associated with prematurity.
Correct Answer is ["A","E"]
Explanation
The correct answer is choice A, E.
Choice A rationale:
Using an air conditioner is an effective way to reduce exposure to pollens and dust. Air conditioners filter the air and help prevent outdoor allergens from entering the indoor environment. This choice is correct because it addresses one of the primary sources of exposure to allergens.
Choice B rationale:
Keeping humidity in the house above 60% is not a recommended approach. High humidity can promote the growth of mold and dust mites, which can exacerbate allergies. Maintaining humidity levels between 30-50% is generally recommended for reducing allergen exposure.
Choice C rationale:
Keeping pets outside might seem like a logical option to reduce allergen exposure; however, pet allergens can still be carried indoors on clothing and shoes. Moreover, if individuals are not allergic to pet dander, keeping the pets inside may not pose an issue.
Choice D rationale:
Replacing wall-to-wall carpeting with wood and tile floors is a good strategy for reducing allergen exposure. Carpets can trap dust, pollen, and other allergens, while hard surfaces are easier to clean and do not accumulate allergens as readily. This choice is correct because it addresses a common source of indoor allergens.
Choice E rationale:
Putting dust-proof covers on pillows and mattresses is another effective strategy for reducing allergen exposure. These covers create a barrier that prevents dust mites and their allergens from permeating the sleeping environment. This choice is correct because it directly addresses the issue of dust mite allergens.
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