What type of joint is present within the thumb?
Hinge.
Condylar.
Saddle.
Ball and Socket.
The Correct Answer is C
The thumb has three joints: the carpometacarpal (CMC) joint, the metacarpophalangeal (MP) joint, and the interphalangeal (IP) joint.
The CMC joint is a saddle type of joint that allows the thumb to move in multiple directions. A saddle joint has two concave surfaces that fit together like a rider on a horse.
Choice A is incorrect because hinge joints allow only flexion and extension movements, such as the IP joints of the thumb.
Choice B is incorrect because condylar joints have an oval-shaped surface that articulates with a shallow cavity, such as the MP joint of the thumb.
Choice D is incorrect because ball and socket joints have a spherical head that fits into a cup-like socket, such as the shoulder or hip joints.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["Mandible protraction of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ)."]
Explanation
Mandible protraction refers to the movement of the lower jaw (mandible) forwards, away from its rest position.
This movement is also known as jaw thrust.
The joint involved in mandible protraction is the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), which is a synovial joint that connects the mandible to the temporal bone of the skull.
This joint allows for a variety of movements, including:
Mandible retraction: This refers to the movement of the lower jaw backward, towards the skull.
Mandible elevation: This refers to the movement of the lower jaw upwards, towards the upper jaw.
Mandible depression: This refers to the movement of the lower jaw downwards, away from the upper jaw.
Mandible lateral excursion: This refers to the movement of the lower jaw to either the left or the right.
Mandible medial excursion: This refers to the movement of the lower jaw back to its midline position after a lateral excursion.
These movements of the TMJ are essential for functions such as chewing, speaking, and swallowing.
However, excessive or repetitive movements of the jaw can lead to TMJ disorders, which can cause pain, clicking, popping, or locking of the jaw.
Correct Answer is ["External rotation of the shoulder joint"]
Explanation
External shoulder rotation is the movement of the humerus bone away from the centerline of the body, rotating the arm so that the palm faces away from the body.
This movement is achieved by the contraction of the external rotator muscles of the shoulder, which include the infraspinatus, teres minor, and posterior fibers of the deltoid muscle.
The joint involved in external shoulder rotation is the glenohumeral joint, also known as the shoulder joint.
The shoulder joint is a ball-and-socket joint formed by the articulation between the head of the humerus bone and the glenoid cavity of the scapula bone.
This joint allows for a range of movements, including:
1. Internal shoulder rotation: This is the opposite movement of external rotation, in which the humerus bone rotates inward toward the centerline of the body, with the palm facing inward.
2. Shoulder flexion: This is the movement of the humerus bone forward and upward, bringing the arm closer to the body's front.
3. Shoulder extension: This is the movement of the humerus bone backward and downward, moving the arm away from the body's front.
4. Shoulder abduction: This is the movement of the humerus bone away from the body's midline, raising the arm out to the side.
5. Shoulder adduction: This is the movement of the humerus bone toward the body's midline, bringing the arm back down to the side of the body.
6. Shoulder horizontal abduction: This is the movement of the humerus bone away from the body's midline at shoulder height.
7. Shoulder horizontal adduction: This is the movement of the humerus bone toward the body's midline at shoulder height.
All of these movements of the glenohumeral joint are important for many daily activities, including reaching, throwing, pushing, pulling, and lifting.
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