What nursing intervention enhances the nutritional status of a patient with COPD?

Offer small frequent meals

Encourage extra liquids with meals

Assist the patient to exercise before meals

Supply information about nutrition

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Offer small frequent meals

Offering small, frequent meals is beneficial for patients with COPD because it helps overcome the challenges associated with dyspnea and fatigue. Large meals can cause discomfort and increase the effort required for breathing, which can exacerbate respiratory symptoms. By providing smaller, more manageable portions of food throughout the day, patients with COPD can maintain their energy levels and meet their nutritional needs without experiencing excessive respiratory distress.

B. Encourage extra liquids with meals

Encouraging extra liquids with meals can help prevent dehydration and thin respiratory secretions, making it easier for patients with COPD to manage their respiratory symptoms. However, excessive fluid intake can also lead to feelings of fullness and discomfort, especially in patients with compromised lung function. Therefore, while it's important to encourage adequate hydration, particularly during meals, it's also essential to balance fluid intake to avoid exacerbating respiratory symptoms.

C. Assist the patient to exercise before meals

While regular exercise is beneficial for overall health and can help improve respiratory function in patients with COPD, exercising immediately before meals may not be practical or advisable for all patients. Patients with COPD may experience fatigue and dyspnea during physical activity, which can affect their ability to eat and digest food effectively. Additionally, exercising before meals may increase energy expenditure and exacerbate respiratory symptoms, making it more challenging for patients to consume an adequate amount of nutrients. Instead, patients with COPD may benefit from engaging in light physical activity or respiratory exercises at a different time of day to improve their respiratory function and overall well-being.

D. Supply information about nutrition

Providing information about nutrition is essential for patients with COPD to help them make healthy dietary choices and manage their condition effectively. However, simply supplying information may not be sufficient to enhance the nutritional status of patients with COPD. It's important to offer practical guidance and support, such as meal planning tips, dietary modifications, and strategies for overcoming barriers to healthy eating. Additionally, individualized dietary counseling from a registered dietitian can be beneficial for patients with COPD to address specific nutritional needs and preferences.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Assess the patient; check to see if the oxygen is flowing correctly:

This option involves assessing the patient's condition promptly, particularly focusing on the adequacy of oxygenation. Checking the oxygen delivery system ensures that the patient is receiving the prescribed oxygen therapy at the appropriate flow rate. In a patient with shortness of breath (SOB) and increasing confusion and combativeness, hypoxemia (low oxygen levels) could be a contributing factor. Therefore, assessing the oxygen delivery system is crucial to ensure proper oxygenation and address potential causes of the patient's symptoms.

B. Page the MD STAT:

Paging the MD STAT may be necessary after assessing the patient's condition, especially if the patient's symptoms indicate a medical emergency or require immediate intervention. However, in this scenario, the priority is to assess the patient's condition and address any immediate concerns related to oxygenation and respiratory status. While paging the healthcare provider may be necessary, it should not delay the initial assessment and interventions needed to stabilize the patient.

C. Put up the patient's side rails and apply soft restraints:

Applying side rails and soft restraints should not be the first action in response to the patient's symptoms. While patient safety is important, these measures should only be implemented after other interventions have been attempted, and there is a risk of harm to the patient or others due to agitation or combativeness. In this case, the patient's confusion and combativeness may be secondary to hypoxemia, so addressing oxygenation and assessing the patient's condition are the immediate priorities.

D. Administer an IM sedative:

Administering a sedative should not be the first action in this scenario. Sedation may be considered if the patient's agitation or combativeness poses a risk to their safety or interferes with assessment and treatment. However, the underlying cause of the patient's symptoms, such as hypoxemia, should be addressed first. Administering a sedative without addressing the potential cause of the patient's symptoms could mask important clinical indicators and delay appropriate treatment.

A. Muscle twitching B. Metallic taste in mouth C. Facial flushing D. Periorbital edema

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Muscle twitching

Muscle twitching is not a typical manifestation of oxygen toxicity. Instead, muscle twitching may be indicative of other conditions such as electrolyte imbalances (e.g., hypocalcemia or hypomagnesemia), neuromuscular disorders, or overstimulation of the nervous system.

B. Metallic taste in mouth

A metallic taste in the mouth is not commonly associated with oxygen toxicity. Instead, a metallic taste in the mouth may occur as a side effect of certain medications, dental issues, or as a symptom of other medical conditions such as acid reflux or oral infections.

C. Facial flushing

Facial flushing is a characteristic finding in oxygen toxicity. When exposed to high levels of oxygen over an extended period, individuals may experience facial flushing due to the vasodilatory effects of oxygen on blood vessels. This dilation of blood vessels leads to increased blood flow to the face, resulting in flushing or reddening of the skin.

D. Periorbital edema

Periorbital edema, or swelling around the eyes, is not a typical manifestation of oxygen toxicity. Instead, periorbital edema may occur as a result of various other conditions such as allergies, sinusitis, or fluid retention. It is not directly related to exposure to high levels of oxygen.

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What nursing intervention enhances the nutritional status of a patient with COPD?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A patient is admitted to the hospital with SOB. The nurse notices increasing confusion and combativeness during the past hour. Which of the following actions is appropriate first?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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What nursing intervention enhances the nutritional status of a patient with COPD?