What nursing intervention enhances the nutritional status of a patient with COPD?

Offer small frequent meals

Encourage extra liquids with meals

Assist the patient to exercise before meals

Supply information about nutrition

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Offer small frequent meals

Offering small, frequent meals is beneficial for patients with COPD because it helps overcome the challenges associated with dyspnea and fatigue. Large meals can cause discomfort and increase the effort required for breathing, which can exacerbate respiratory symptoms. By providing smaller, more manageable portions of food throughout the day, patients with COPD can maintain their energy levels and meet their nutritional needs without experiencing excessive respiratory distress.

B. Encourage extra liquids with meals

Encouraging extra liquids with meals can help prevent dehydration and thin respiratory secretions, making it easier for patients with COPD to manage their respiratory symptoms. However, excessive fluid intake can also lead to feelings of fullness and discomfort, especially in patients with compromised lung function. Therefore, while it's important to encourage adequate hydration, particularly during meals, it's also essential to balance fluid intake to avoid exacerbating respiratory symptoms.

C. Assist the patient to exercise before meals

While regular exercise is beneficial for overall health and can help improve respiratory function in patients with COPD, exercising immediately before meals may not be practical or advisable for all patients. Patients with COPD may experience fatigue and dyspnea during physical activity, which can affect their ability to eat and digest food effectively. Additionally, exercising before meals may increase energy expenditure and exacerbate respiratory symptoms, making it more challenging for patients to consume an adequate amount of nutrients. Instead, patients with COPD may benefit from engaging in light physical activity or respiratory exercises at a different time of day to improve their respiratory function and overall well-being.

D. Supply information about nutrition

Providing information about nutrition is essential for patients with COPD to help them make healthy dietary choices and manage their condition effectively. However, simply supplying information may not be sufficient to enhance the nutritional status of patients with COPD. It's important to offer practical guidance and support, such as meal planning tips, dietary modifications, and strategies for overcoming barriers to healthy eating. Additionally, individualized dietary counseling from a registered dietitian can be beneficial for patients with COPD to address specific nutritional needs and preferences.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Provide humidified oxygen.

Humidified oxygen adds moisture to the air, which can help to thin secretions in the airway. Thinning the secretions makes them easier to clear, particularly for patients with copious and tenacious secretions, such as those following a tracheostomy.

B. Perform chest physiotherapy prior to suctioning.

Chest physiotherapy techniques, such as percussion and vibration, can help to mobilize secretions in the lungs and airways. While this may indirectly assist in clearing secretions, it does not directly address the issue of thinning the secretions, which is the primary concern in this scenario.

C. Prelubricate the suction catheter tip with sterile saline when suctioning the airway.

Prelubricating the suction catheter tip with sterile saline before suctioning can help reduce friction and potential trauma to the airway. While this can be beneficial for airway management, it does not directly address the need to thin copious and tenacious secretions.

D. Hyperventilate the client with 100% oxygen before suctioning the airway.

Hyperventilating the client with 100% oxygen before suctioning is not recommended. It can lead to respiratory alkalosis, which is a condition characterized by decreased levels of carbon dioxide in the blood. This can worsen the client's condition and may lead to adverse effects. Additionally, it does not directly address the need to thin secretions.

A. Encourage fluid intake of 2.5 L per day. B. Assist the client to cough and deep breathe every 4 hr. C. Encourage independence in completing ADLs. D. Use an N-95 respirator when providing client care.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Encourage fluid intake of 2.5 L per day.

This is an appropriate intervention for a client with pneumonia. Increasing fluid intake helps to thin respiratory secretions, making them easier to cough up and clear from the airways. Adequate hydration also supports overall health and immune function. However, the nurse should consider the client's individual fluid tolerance and any comorbid conditions such as heart failure that may necessitate fluid restriction.

B. Assist the client to cough and deep breathe every 4 hr.

This intervention is also appropriate for a client with pneumonia. Coughing and deep breathing exercises help to mobilize and clear respiratory secretions, preventing complications such as atelectasis and pneumonia. However, the frequency of coughing and deep breathing may need to be tailored to the client's tolerance and respiratory status.

C. Encourage independence in completing ADLs.

While promoting independence in activities of daily living (ADLs) is generally beneficial for older adult clients, in the context of pneumonia, the priority is to ensure adequate rest and conserve energy for recovery. Depending on the severity of the illness, the client may experience fatigue and dyspnea, making it challenging to perform ADLs independently. The nurse should assess the client's functional status and provide assistance as needed while promoting independence to the extent possible.

D. Use an N-95 respirator when providing client care.

This intervention is not directly relevant to the care plan for a client with pneumonia. N-95 respirators are primarily used for respiratory protection against airborne infectious agents such as tuberculosis or certain viral infections like COVID-19. While standard precautions should be followed when caring for a client with pneumonia to prevent the spread of infection, including hand hygiene and appropriate use of personal protective equipment (PPE), an N-95 respirator is not typically indicated unless the client has a specific respiratory pathogen requiring airborne precautions.

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What nursing intervention enhances the nutritional status of a patient with COPD?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client who is postoperative following a tracheostomy, and has copious and tenacious secretions. Which of the following is an acceptable method for the nurse to use to thin this client's secretions?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is contributing to the care plan of an older adult client who has pneumonia. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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