A nurse is preparing to obtain a sputum specimen for a client. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take?

Save the sputum specimen in a clean container.

Collect the sputum specimen after a meal.

Rinse the client's mouth before collecting the specimen.

Obtain the specimen from the client in the evening.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Saving the sputum specimen in a clean container.

While it is important to collect the sputum specimen in a clean, sterile container, simply saving the specimen in a clean container is not sufficient. The nurse needs to actively collect the sputum specimen from the client using proper technique to ensure that it is not contaminated and is suitable for laboratory analysis.

B. Collecting the sputum specimen after a meal.

Collecting a sputum specimen after a meal is not recommended, as it can increase the likelihood of contamination with food particles. It's preferable to collect the specimen before meals or at least 1-2 hours after eating to minimize the risk of contamination and ensure the integrity of the specimen.

C. Rinse the client's mouth before collecting the specimen.

When obtaining a sputum specimen from a client, it's important for the nurse to plan to rinse the client's mouth before collecting the specimen. Rinsing the mouth with water helps to clear any food particles or debris from the oral cavity, ensuring that the sputum sample collected is not contaminated with saliva or food particles. This improves the quality and accuracy of the specimen for laboratory analysis.

D. Obtaining the specimen from the client in the evening.

The timing of specimen collection is not necessarily restricted to the evening. The timing may vary depending on the client's condition and the healthcare provider's orders. It's important to follow the healthcare provider's instructions regarding the timing of specimen collection, which may be based on factors such as the client's symptoms and the diagnostic requirements.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Metabolic acidosis

Metabolic acidosis is characterized by a low pH (< 7.35) and a decreased bicarbonate level (< 22 mEq/L). In this scenario, the pH is low (7.22), but the bicarbonate level is elevated (28 mEq/L), which does not support a diagnosis of metabolic acidosis.

B. Respiratory acidosis

Respiratory acidosis occurs when there is an accumulation of carbon dioxide (PaCO2 > 45 mm Hg), leading to a decrease in pH (< 7.35). In this case, the pH is low (7.22), and the PaCO2 is elevated (68 mm Hg), consistent with respiratory acidosis.

C. Metabolic alkalosis

Metabolic alkalosis is characterized by a high pH (> 7.45) and an elevated bicarbonate level (> 26 mEq/L). In this scenario, the pH is low (7.22), and the bicarbonate level is also elevated (28 mEq/L), which does not support a diagnosis of metabolic alkalosis.

D. Respiratory alkalosis

Respiratory alkalosis occurs when there is a decrease in carbon dioxide (PaCO2 < 35 mm Hg), leading to an increase in pH (> 7.45). In this case, the pH is low (7.22), and the PaCO2 is elevated (68 mm Hg), which is not consistent with respiratory alkalosis.

A. 24 year old woman with allergic rhinitis B. 18 year old man with cold symptoms C. 64 year old woman with a history of heart disease D. 70 year old woman with glaucoma E. 56 year old man with prostatic hypertrophy

Correct Answer is ["B"]

Explanation

A. 24-year-old woman with allergic rhinitis:

Likely safe to take an alpha-adrenergic decongestant as allergic rhinitis is a common indication for decongestant use in young, healthy individuals.

B. 18-year-old man with cold symptoms:

Likely safe to take an alpha-adrenergic decongestant as it's a common indication for decongestant use in young, healthy individuals.

C. 64-year-old woman with a history of heart disease:

Should avoid alpha-adrenergic decongestants due to the risk of increasing blood pressure and potentially worsening heart conditions.

D. 70-year-old woman with glaucoma:

Should avoid alpha-adrenergic decongestants due to the risk of exacerbating glaucoma by causing pupil dilation and increasing intraocular pressure.

E. 56-year-old man with prostatic hypertrophy:

Should avoid alpha-adrenergic decongestants due to the risk of worsening urinary symptoms caused by prostatic hypertrophy, such as urinary retention.

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A nurse is preparing to obtain a sputum specimen for a client. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Which patient(s) would be able to take an alpha-adrenergic decongestant safely? (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)

Correct Answer is ["B"]

Explanation

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