What is the primary reason for administering isotonic crystalloid IV fluids to a client with fluid volume deficit?
To replace lost blood components
To restore extracellular fluid volume
To replenish electrolytes rapidly
To correct metabolic acidosis
The Correct Answer is B
Rationale:
A. Replacing lost blood components requires blood products, not isotonic crystalloids.
B. Isotonic crystalloid fluids (e.g., 0.9% sodium chloride, lactated Ringer’s) are administered to restore extracellular fluid volume in clients with fluid volume deficit.
C. While isotonic solutions contain electrolytes, their primary purpose is volume replacement, not rapid electrolyte correction.
D. Correcting metabolic acidosis may require specific interventions; isotonic fluids alone do not address acid-base imbalances.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["A","B","D"]
Explanation
Rationale:
- Hydration therapy is the cornerstone of pediatric diarrhea management, as children are at high risk for rapid fluid loss and dehydration. Both oral rehydration solutions and IV fluids may be necessary depending on severity.
- Electrolyte replacement helps correct imbalances caused by frequent watery stools, especially sodium and potassium losses, preventing complications like hypovolemia and arrhythmias.
- Clear liquid diet provides gentle reintroduction of fluids and easy-to-digest intake, helping to maintain hydration while minimizing gastrointestinal irritation.
- Low-fiber diet may reduce stool bulk but is not a primary intervention for acute diarrhea.
- Opioid analgesics are contraindicated in children with diarrhea due to risk of bowel obstruction and toxicity.
- Antibiotic administration is only appropriate when a bacterial cause has been confirmed; most pediatric diarrhea is viral and self-limiting.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Lactulose is usually administered orally to soften stools, not as a short-retention enema.
B. A Fleet enema is a hypertonic solution that draws fluid into the colon, is retained briefly, and promotes rapid evacuation of stool to relieve constipation.
C. Tap water enemas are hypotonic and typically require immediate expulsion, not short retention.
D. Mineral oil enemas are retention enemas, meant to soften stool over a longer period, not for rapid evacuation.
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