To develop an effective staffing budget, the nurse manager should:

A. Horizontal violence, also known as lateral violence, refers to aggressive or disruptive behavior between colleagues at the same level, such as between nurses. Since the head nurse is in a superior position and the staff nurse is a subordinate, the behavior described does not fit the definition of horizontal violence.
B. Bullying involves repeated, intentional actions that undermine or belittle another person. The head nurse’s comments about the staff nurse’s credibility to other staff members could be considered a form of bullying, especially if this behavior is persistent and aims to undermine the staff nurse’s professional reputation or confidence.
C. Confrontation is a direct approach to addressing disagreements or conflicts between individuals. It involves discussing differing views openly and is intended to resolve issues through dialogue. In this
case, the head nurse’s behavior does not involve direct confrontation with the staff nurse about the disagreement but rather involves undermining the staff nurse's credibility behind their back.
D. Mediation is a process where a neutral third party helps facilitate communication and negotiation between conflicting parties to reach a resolution. The behavior described does not involve mediation; instead, it involves negative comments and undermining behavior without seeking resolution or involving a mediator.

A. Leadership does not begin solely with formal recognition or a title. While being formally recognized or promoted can give you authority, true leadership is about influence, actions, and the ability to inspire and guide others.
B. Effective leadership involves continuous learning and development. As a nurse manager, you need to stay updated with evolving practices, enhance your skills, and adapt to changes within the healthcare environment.
C. While some people may have natural leadership traits, leadership skills can be taught and developed. Leadership involves a range of skills, including communication, problem-solving, and emotional intelligence, which can be learned and refined through training, experience, and education.
D. Leadership is indeed a lifelong process. It involves ongoing personal and professional growth, learning from experiences, adapting to changes, and continuously improving one’s skills. Effective leaders engage in self-assessment, seek feedback, and invest in their development throughout their careers.