There are several factors that may cause a patient to present with sinus bradycardia. What are some causes of sinus bradycardia? (Select all that apply)

Beta blockers

Fever

Athletism

Sleeping

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,C,D

Choice A reason: Beta blockers are medications that can slow the heart rate, leading to sinus bradycardia. They are often prescribed for managing hypertension, arrhythmias, and other cardiovascular conditions. They work by blocking the effects of adrenaline on the heart, which reduces heart rate and blood pressure.

Choice B reason: Fever typically causes an increase in heart rate (tachycardia) rather than a decrease. The body's metabolic rate increases to fight infection, resulting in a higher heart rate.

Choice C reason: Athletism can result in sinus bradycardia because athletes often have a lower resting heart rate due to the increased efficiency of their cardiovascular system. Their hearts pump more effectively, requiring fewer beats per minute to circulate blood throughout the body.

Choice D reason: Sleeping naturally leads to a slower heart rate due to the relaxation of the body and reduced metabolic demands during rest. Sinus bradycardia during sleep is generally considered normal and not a cause for concern.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: Limiting fluid intake in the evening may reduce the need to urinate at night but does not address the client's fear of falling. It is more important to provide a safer alternative for nighttime voiding.

Choice B reason: Putting the side rails up and instructing the client to call the nurse before voiding may help, but it does not provide the most immediate and practical solution. A bedside commode offers a safer and more accessible option.

Choice C reason: Obtaining a bedside commode for the client's use directly addresses the client's concern about falling. It allows the client to void safely without having to walk to the bathroom at night, reducing the risk of falls.

Choice D reason: Leaving a nightlight on in the room can help improve visibility but does not completely eliminate the risk of falling. A bedside commode is a more effective solution.

A. A client with congestive heart failure B. A client taking vancomycin C. A client with glomerulonephritis D. A client with bladder cancer E. A client with a traumatic injury directly onto the kidney

Correct Answer is ["B","C","E"]

Explanation

Choice A reason: Congestive heart failure can lead to prerenal injury due to decreased renal perfusion, but it is not a direct cause of intrarenal injury.

Choice B reason: Vancomycin is a nephrotoxic medication that can cause intrarenal injury. The drug can directly damage the renal tubules, leading to acute kidney injury.

Choice C reason: Glomerulonephritis involves inflammation of the glomeruli, which is a direct cause of intrarenal injury. This condition affects the kidney's filtering units, leading to impaired renal function.

Choice D reason: Bladder cancer is more associated with postrenal injury due to obstruction of urine flow, rather than intrarenal injury.

Choice E reason: A traumatic injury directly onto the kidney can cause damage to the renal tissue, leading to intrarenal injury. This type of injury affects the kidney itself and can result in acute kidney injury.

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There are several factors that may cause a patient to present with sinus bradycardia. What are some causes of sinus bradycardia? (Select all that apply)

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for an older adult client who states, "I am afraid that I may fall while walking to the bathroom during the night." Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

The nurse realizes that which clients are at risk for intra-renal injury? (Select all that apply)

Correct Answer is ["B","C","E"]

Explanation

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