The term "virulence" refers to:
substance that can inhibit the growth of bacteria
permanent, inheritable changes to DNA
when a microbe is no longer affected by a drug following treatment with anti-infectives
the severity of disease that an organism is able to cause
The Correct Answer is D
A. Substance that can inhibit the growth of bacteria:
This definition is incorrect. The term "virulence" does not refer to a substance that inhibits bacterial growth. Instead, it pertains to the ability of a microorganism to cause disease.
B. Permanent, inheritable changes to DNA:
This definition is incorrect. Permanent, inheritable changes to DNA are typically referred to as mutations. While mutations can impact the characteristics of microorganisms, the term "virulence" specifically relates to disease-causing ability rather than genetic changes.
C. When a microbe is no longer affected by a drug following treatment with anti-infectives:
This definition is incorrect. The phenomenon described here is known as drug resistance or antimicrobial resistance. It refers to the ability of microorganisms to survive and multiply in the presence of antimicrobial agents, rendering the drugs ineffective.
D. The severity of disease that an organism is able to cause:
This definition is correct. Virulence refers to the degree or severity of disease that an organism, such as a bacterium or virus, is capable of causing. Microorganisms with high virulence can cause severe illness or death in infected hosts, while those with low virulence may cause milder symptoms or no symptoms at all.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["0.6"]
Explanation
To calculate the volume of diazepam solution needed, we can use the formula:
Volume (mL) = Total dose (mg) / Concentration (mg/mL)
Given:
Total dose = 3 mg
Concentration = 5 mg/mL
Plugging the values into the formula:
Volume (mL) = 3 mg / 5 mg/mL
Volume (mL) = 0.6 mL
The nurse should administer: 0.6 mL
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. "Expect your urine to turn pink or red while taking this medication."
This statement is incorrect. Vancomycin does not typically cause urine discoloration. However, red man syndrome, characterized by flushing of the skin, particularly on the face and upper body, can occur with rapid infusion of vancomycin. This is not related to urine color change.
B. "Discontinue the medication once your symptoms subside."
This statement is incorrect. It's crucial for the client to complete the full course of antibiotics as prescribed, even if symptoms improve before completing the treatment course. Discontinuing the medication prematurely can lead to the development of antibiotic resistance and recurrence of the infection.
C. "Notify your provider if you experience any changes in your hearing."
This statement is correct. Vancomycin can potentially cause ototoxicity, which may manifest as changes in hearing, including ringing in the ears (tinnitus) or hearing loss. Clients should be instructed to report any such symptoms to their healthcare provider promptly.
D. "Decrease your fluid intake to 1000ml per day."
This statement is incorrect. Adequate hydration is essential, especially when taking medications like vancomycin, to help prevent kidney damage and promote drug elimination. Restricting fluid intake is not advisable unless specifically instructed by the healthcare provider for a particular medical reason.
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