The public health nurse understands that which of the following is the number one cause of death worldwide?

Chronic diseases (heart disease, cancer, stroke)

Terrorism

Infectious diseases

Injuries (accidental or purposeful)

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Chronic diseases (heart disease, cancer, stroke): Non-communicable diseases (NCDs), particularly cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and stroke, are the leading causes of death globally. These diseases account for over 70% of deaths worldwide.

B. Terrorism: While terrorism causes loss of life, it does not account for nearly as many deaths as chronic diseases.

C. Infectious diseases: Infectious diseases remain a major concern, especially in developing nations, but chronic diseases surpass them as the leading cause of death.

D. Injuries (accidental or purposeful): Injuries contribute to mortality but are not the leading cause of death worldwide.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Reassure the student that it is just a bad cold and will soon pass: This dismisses the symptoms and delays necessary public health intervention.

B. Inform all students, staff, and faculty of a possible measles exposure: Koplik spots (small white spots inside the cheeks) are a classic early sign of measles, which is highly contagious. Prompt notification is needed to prevent an outbreak.

C. Inform all students, staff, and faculty of a possible rubella epidemic: While rubella also causes a rash, it does not present with Koplik spots.

D. Tell the student to take two acetaminophen and drink lots of fluids: Symptomatic relief is important but does not address the risk of measles transmission.

A. "Salmonella is a bacterial infection." B. "Salmonella symptoms include headaches, abdominal pain, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, and fever." C. "Salmonella may be spread by spores that form once contaminated blood is exposed to the air." D. "Salmonella has a 48-hour incubation period."

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. "Salmonella is a bacterial infection." Salmonella is a gram-negative bacterium that causes foodborne illness.

B. "Salmonella symptoms include headaches, abdominal pain, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, and fever." These are common symptoms of Salmonella infection, particularly gastroenteritis.

C. "Salmonella may be spread by spores that form once contaminated blood is exposed to the air." Salmonella is a bacterial infection that spreads primarily through contaminated food, water, or direct contact with infected animals. It does not form spores, and exposure to air does not play a role in its transmission.

D. "Salmonella has a 48-hour incubation period." While the incubation period can range from 6 to 72 hours, 48 hours falls within the expected time frame.

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The public health nurse understands that which of the following is the number one cause of death worldwide?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A student comes to the college health clinic with typical cold symptoms of fever, sneezing, and coughing, but the nurse also notes a rash with small white spots on the inside of the student's cheeks. Which of the following actions should be taken by the college health nurse?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

An instructor is reviewing Salmonella infections with her class. Which of the following comments indicates that the student needs further review on Salmonella?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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