The practical nurse (PN) is caring for a client with coronary artery disease who is admitted with intermittent chest pain. The admission laboratory results indicate elevations in troponin I and creatine phosphokinase myoglobin isoenzyme (CK-MB) levels. What should the PN consider the most significant risk for this client on the second day of admission?
The lab results indicate myocardial damage, and the client is at risk for cardiac dysrhythmias.
The client is at risk for pulmonary embolism, and lifestyle modifications need to be implemented.
The client is at risk for recurrent long-term angina pain and subsequent myocardial infarction (MI).
The lab results indicate risk factors for transient ischemic atack (TIA), and neurological vital signs should be monitored.
The Correct Answer is A
Troponin I and CK-MB are cardiac enzymes that are released into the bloodstream when the heart muscle is injured or necrotic. Elevated levels of these enzymes indicate that the client has suffered a myocardial infarction (MI) or heart attack. The damaged heart tissue can impair the electrical conduction system of the heart and cause abnormal heart rhythms or dysrhythmias, which can be life-threatening. The PN should monitor the client's cardiac status closely and report any changes to the charge nurse.
The other options are not correct because:
B. The client is not at risk for pulmonary embolism, which is a blockage of a pulmonary artery by a blood clot or other material. Pulmonary embolism does not cause elevated cardiac enzymes, but it can cause chest pain, shortness of breath, and hypoxia.
C. The client is not at risk for recurrent long-term angina pain, which is chest pain caused by reduced blood flow to the heart muscle due to narrowed or blocked coronary arteries. Angina pain does not cause elevated cardiac enzymes, but it can be a warning sign of an impending MI.
D. The lab results do not indicate risk factors for transient ischemic attack (TIA), which is a temporary interruption of blood flow to a part of the brain due to a clot or plaque. TIA does not cause elevated cardiac enzymes, but it can cause neurological symptoms such as weakness, numbness, or speech difficulties.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Suction the trachea.
Choice A rationale:
The practical nurse (PN) should ensure the ready availability of equipment to perform tracheal suctioning for a client who requires seizure precautions. Seizures can sometimes cause excessive salivation or even vomiting, which may lead to the obstruction of the airway. Suctioning the trachea helps in quickly clearing any secretions or vomitus from the airway, preventing potential respiratory compromise and ensuring the client's airway remains patent.
Choice B rationale:
Inserting a nasogastric tube is not directly related to seizure precautions. Nasogastric tubes are used for various purposes, such as decompression of the stomach, feeding, or administering medications. While it might be necessary in specific situations, it is not a priority when caring for a client on seizure precautions.
Choice C rationale:
Inserting a urinary catheter is also not directly related to seizure precautions. It is typically done for clients who have difficulty urinating on their own or for precise monitoring of urine output. Seizure precautions focus on the client's airway and safety during a seizure episode.
Choice D rationale:
Applying soft restraints is generally not recommended for clients on seizure precautions. Restraints should only be used as a last resort for clients who pose a risk to themselves or others during a seizure. The primary goal is to provide a safe environment and prevent injuries without restraining the client unless absolutely necessary.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
This is the observation that indicates that the UAPs need additional information about the turning procedure because it is incorrect and may cause complications for the client. The client who had a hip arthroplasty with prosthesis placement should not keep both legs straight and together while turning because this may cause dislocation of the prosthesis, nerve damage, or bleeding. The client should keep the affected leg slightly abducted and supported with pillows or an abduction device.
A. An abduction pillow is placed between the client's legs when positioned correctly and does not indicate a need for additional information. This helps to maintain proper alignment and prevent dislocation of the prosthesis.
C. A turning sheet is used under the client for turning and repositioning is correct and does not indicate a need for additional information. This helps to reduce friction and shear forces on the skin and prevent pressure ulcers.
D. The UAPs keep their backs straight and knees bent when moving the client is correct and does not indicate a need for additional information. This helps to protect their own musculoskeletal health and prevent injuries.
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