The practical nurse (PN) is caring for a client who has been diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus. Which complication should the PN recognize as the greatest risk to the fetus if euglycemia is not maintained?

Low birth weight.

Preterm birth.

Cleft palate.

Macrosomic newborn.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a type of diabetes that occurs during pregnancy. If euglycemia, or normal blood glucose levels, is not maintained during pregnancy, the fetus can be at risk for a number of complications. The greatest risk to the fetus in this situation is the development of a macrosomic newborn, or a newborn that is significantly larger than average. This occurs because the excess glucose in the mother's bloodstream is passed on to the fetus, leading to excessive fetal growth.

Macrosomia can lead to complications during delivery, such as shoulder dystocia, and can increase the risk of injury to both the mother and the baby. While low birth weight and preterm birth are also potential complications of GDM, macrosomia is considered the greatest risk to the fetus if euglycemia is not maintained. Cleft palate is not typically associated with GDM.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

The pattern of bowel movements is the most important information for the practical nurse (PN) to obtain when assisting with the admission of a 12-month-old child with a history of frequent colds and growth failure who is being tested for a possible diagnosis of cystic fibrosis (CF). CF can cause thick, sticky mucus to build up in the digestive tract, leading to problems with digestion and absorption of nutrients. This can result in bulky, greasy stools and growth failure.

The number of respiratory infections since birth (Option A) and a description of the child's appetite (Option C) are also important pieces of information, but they are not as critical as the pattern of bowel movements. The number of siblings in the family ( Option B) is not directly relevant to the child's medical condition.

A. The child likes to wiggle the fingers on the hand of the aﬀected side. B. The child's radial pulse volume on the aﬀected arm is difficult to palpate. C. An accurate respiratory rate cannot be measured because of the child's crying. D. The parents of the child are requesting that the child receive an analgesic.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

This could indicate reduced blood ﬂow to the aﬀected arm, which may be a sign of compartment syndrome. Compartment syndrome is a serious condition that requires immediate intervention by a registered nurse (RN). The other options may also require intervention, but they are not as urgent as the situation described in option B.

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The practical nurse (PN) is caring for a client who has been diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus. Which complication should the PN recognize as the greatest risk to the fetus if euglycemia is not maintained?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The practical nurse (PN) is assisting with the admission of a 12-month-old child with a history of frequent colds and growth failure. Testing is being planned for a possible diagnosis of cystic fibrosis (CF). Which information is most important for the PN to obtain?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

The practical nurse (PN) is monitoring a 5-year-old following a fracture of the ulna. For which situation should the PN seek immediate intervention by the registered nurse (RN)?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Following the prenatal clinic's screening protocol, the practical nurse (PN) is preparing laboratory prescriptions for clients who are scheduled to be seen today. Which screening test should be scheduled for a client who is gravida 4 para 3 at 16-weeks gestation?

The mother of a 3-year-old asks the practical nurse (PN) to clarify the healthcare provider's diagnosis of acute otitis media. Which is the most accurate explanation?

An older female client is admited to the orthopedic unit following surgical repair of a fractured hip. On the second postoperative day, the client becomes confused and repeatedly asks the practical nurse (PN) where she is. Which information should the PN obtain before reporting to the charge nurse?

At a prenatal visit, a primigravida client confides to the practical nurse (PN) that her partner is abusive. Which information should the PN provide?

The practical nurse (PN) is assigned to assist in the care of a laboring client at 42-weeks gestation. While providing perineal care, the PN observes the umbilical cord protruding from the vagina. Which action should the PN take?