The practical nurse (PN) is caring for a client who has been diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus. Which complication should the PN recognize as the greatest risk to the fetus if euglycemia is not maintained?
Low birth weight.
Preterm birth.
Cleft palate.
Macrosomic newborn.
The Correct Answer is D
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a type of diabetes that occurs during pregnancy. If euglycemia, or normal blood glucose levels, is not maintained during pregnancy, the fetus can be at risk for a number of complications. The greatest risk to the fetus in this situation is the development of a macrosomic newborn, or a newborn that is significantly larger than average. This occurs because the excess glucose in the mother's bloodstream is passed on to the fetus, leading to excessive fetal growth.
Macrosomia can lead to complications during delivery, such as shoulder dystocia, and can increase the risk of injury to both the mother and the baby. While low birth weight and preterm birth are also potential complications of GDM, macrosomia is considered the greatest risk to the fetus if euglycemia is not maintained. Cleft palate is not typically associated with GDM.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Restlessness, confusion, and agitation in the evening are common symptoms of sundowning, which is a condition that affects some older adults with dementia. Offering to walk around the hallways with the client can provide a calming effect and reduce the symptoms of sundowning.
Dimming the lights may actually increase confusion and agitation, and leaving the client alone may increase feelings of isolation and fear.
Measuring the client's vital signs may not be necessary unless there are specific medical concerns.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
The practical nurse (PN) should ask the client if he is planning to obey the voices, as this will help determine the client's risk for harming himself or others. The PN should also ask about the onset and duration of the symptoms and any factors that may have triggered them, such as drug use or recent stressors. Additionally, the PN should assess the client's perception of the voices, as some individuals may recognize them as a symptom of a mental illness, while others may believe them to be real. It is important for the PN to remain non-judgmental and supportive during the assessment, while prioritizing the client's safety.
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