The practical nurse (PN) is caring for a client who has been diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus. Which complication should the PN recognize as the greatest risk to the fetus if euglycemia is not maintained?

Low birth weight.

Preterm birth.

Cleft palate.

Macrosomic newborn.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a type of diabetes that occurs during pregnancy. If euglycemia, or normal blood glucose levels, is not maintained during pregnancy, the fetus can be at risk for a number of complications. The greatest risk to the fetus in this situation is the development of a macrosomic newborn, or a newborn that is significantly larger than average. This occurs because the excess glucose in the mother's bloodstream is passed on to the fetus, leading to excessive fetal growth.

Macrosomia can lead to complications during delivery, such as shoulder dystocia, and can increase the risk of injury to both the mother and the baby. While low birth weight and preterm birth are also potential complications of GDM, macrosomia is considered the greatest risk to the fetus if euglycemia is not maintained. Cleft palate is not typically associated with GDM.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

The pattern of bowel movements is the most important information for the practical nurse (PN) to obtain when assisting with the admission of a 12-month-old child with a history of frequent colds and growth failure who is being tested for a possible diagnosis of cystic fibrosis (CF). CF can cause thick, sticky mucus to build up in the digestive tract, leading to problems with digestion and absorption of nutrients. This can result in bulky, greasy stools and growth failure.

The number of respiratory infections since birth (Option A) and a description of the child's appetite (Option C) are also important pieces of information, but they are not as critical as the pattern of bowel movements. The number of siblings in the family ( Option B) is not directly relevant to the child's medical condition.

A. Delay administration of nighttime medications until after visitors have left. B. Administer a prescribed PRN benzodiazepine at the onset of a confused state. C. Make certain that the client's assigned room is close to the nurses' station. D. Ask family members about how they dealt with the client in the evening.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Restlessness, confusion, and agitation are common symptoms of dementia, particularly in the evening, a phenomenon known as sundowning. Therefore, the PN should implement interventions that can help to prevent or minimize these symptoms. Assigning the client to a room close to the nurses' station can help to provide constant observation and reassurance and can help to prevent the client from wandering or becoming disoriented.
A. Delaying administration of nighttime medications until after visitors have left may be appropriate, but it is not the first intervention to be implemented in this scenario.
B. Administering a prescribed PRN benzodiazepine at the onset of a confused state may be appropriate in some cases, but it should not be the first intervention to be implemented in this scenario.
D. Asking family members about how they dealt with the client in the evening may be helpful, but it is not the first intervention to be implemented in this scenario.

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The practical nurse (PN) is caring for a client who has been diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus. Which complication should the PN recognize as the greatest risk to the fetus if euglycemia is not maintained?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The practical nurse (PN) is assisting with the admission of a 12-month-old child with a history of frequent colds and growth failure. Testing is being planned for a possible diagnosis of cystic fibrosis (CF). Which information is most important for the PN to obtain?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

An older client is admitted to the psychiatric unit for assessment of a recent onset of dementia. The practical nurse (PN) notes that in the evening this client often becomes restless, confused, and agitated. Which intervention should the PN implement?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A primigravida who is at 10-weeks gestation is hospitalized on the antepartum unit for pyelonephritis. The client tells the practical nurse (PN) that she has had several episodes of nausea. When reviewing her lunch menu, which food should the PN discourage her from choosing?

When changing a diaper on a 2-day-old infant, the practical nurse (PN) observes that the baby's legs are ﬂexed with limited abduction. Based on this finding, what action should the PN take next?

The practical nurse (PN) is assisting with collecting health information at a health fair for high school students. Which information is most important for the PN to obtain?

A client on the mental health unit has been scowling and rapidly pacing up and down the hall for several minutes. Which behaviors are most important for the practical nurse (PN) to monitor?

The practical nurse (PN) is caring for a client that has just arrived in the emergency department with 2nd degree thermal burns to the right thigh, lower leg and foot, and reports severe pain in the right leg. Which priority action should the PN take while caring for this patient?

The practical nurse (PN) notes several nutritional goals in a standardized plan of care used in the antepartum clinic. Which client goal takes priority?

During a well-baby clinic visit, a mother tells the practical nurse (PN) that her 12-month-old infant is not yet eating solid foods and drinks whole milk from a bottle. Based on these assessment findings, this infant is at the greatest risk for developing which condition?