The practical nurse (PN) is caring for a client newly diagnosed with diabetes mellitus (DM). Which finding is an early sign of hypoglycemia?
Polyuria.
Tremors.
Bradycardia.
Difficulty swallowing.
The Correct Answer is B
Hypoglycemia occurs when blood glucose levels drop below normal levels. It is commonly associated with diabetes mellitus and can result from various factors such as excessive insulin or oral hypoglycemic medication, delayed or missed meals, increased physical activity, or alcohol consumption.
Tremors, or shaking hands, are one of the early signs of hypoglycemia. They can occur due to the brain's response to low blood glucose levels. Other early signs of hypoglycemia may include sweating, palpitations, anxiety, hunger, and weakness.
A. Polyuria, or excessive urination, is not typically associated with hypoglycemia. It is more commonly seen in conditions such as hyperglycemia or diabetes insipidus.
C. Bradycardia, or a slow heart rate, is not a characteristic sign of hypoglycemia. It can occur in some cases of severe hypoglycemia, but it is not an early sign.
D. Difficulty swallowing is not directly related to hypoglycemia. It may be caused by other factors such as neurological or muscular conditions, esophageal disorders, or structural abnormalities in the throat or esophagus.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","E","H"]
Explanation
To identify the potential source of the client's new-onset confusion and decreased appetite, the nurse can use the following assessment techniques:
- Ask to see the client's list of home medications: This can help identify any medications that may contribute to confusion or appetite changes.
- Determine if the client has recently lost a loved one: Emotional distress, such as grief from a recent loss, can contribute to changes in mental status and appetite.
- Measure the client's vital signs: Vital signs can provide important information about the client's overall health status and help identify any abnormalities that may be contributing to the symptoms.
- Perform a 12-lead electrocardiogram: This can help assess the client's cardiac function and detect any cardiac-related causes for the symptoms.
- Ask about the client's last bowel movement: Changes in bowel habits can sometimes be indicative of underlying issues affecting appetite and overall health.
- Measure the client's abdominal circumference: This can help assess for any abdominal distension or changes that may be related to the client's symptoms.
Collecting a sputum and urine culture and sensitivities and having the client ambulate across the room are not directly related to identifying the potential source of confusion and decreased appetite in this case.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Monitoring the client's vital signs, including temperature, heart rate, respiratory rate, and blood pressure, is crucial to assess for any signs of infection or complications following surgery.
A. While fluid volume intake and output are important to monitor for overall hydration status, it is not the most immediate concern after reinforcing the dressing.
C. Similarly, assessing the volume of peripheral pulses is important to evaluate peripheral perfusion, but it may not be the highest priority at this time.
D. Incisional pain scale rating is important to assess the client's comfort and pain level, but it should be done after ensuring the security of the surgical dressing.
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