The nurse suspects autonomic dysreflexia in the patient with a spinal cord injury at the level of C-7. After checking vital signs what are the priority nursing interventions?

Elevate the head of the bed, loosen clothing, and check the urinary catheter for obstruction

Elevate the head of the bed and apply a cool compress to the forehead

Place in Semi-Fowler's position and establish IV access

Establish IV access, apply 2 liters of nasal oxygen, and contact the health care provider

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Elevating the head of the bed, loosening clothing, and checking for urinary catheter obstruction are key steps to lower blood pressure and relieve triggers of autonomic dysreflexia, a potentially life-threatening condition.

B. A cool compress may provide comfort but does not directly address the primary triggers or symptoms of autonomic dysreflexia.

C. Semi-Fowler's position is insufficient compared to a full 90-degree sitting position, which helps reduce blood pressure.

D. IV access and oxygen may be required if symptoms do not resolve, but immediate actions focus on relieving the cause of dysreflexia.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Altered mental status, such as confusion, restlessness, or lethargy, is often the earliest sign of increasing ICP as it reflects brain tissue compression.

B. Tachycardia and hypotension are not primary indicators of elevated ICP.

C. Fixed and dilated pupils indicate severe and often irreversible ICP increase, occurring later in the progression.

D. Widening pulse pressure is a later sign of increased ICP, following changes in mental status.

A. Initiate a 1:1 observation status B. Point out the behavior as unacceptable C. Ask the patient why they are behaving that way D. Have the patient return to his room

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. 1:1 observation may be excessive unless the behavior is persistent and unmanageable.

B. Pointing out the behavior as unacceptable provides immediate feedback and helps the patient understand social boundaries, which can be challenging post-brain injury. This approach is direct and respectful, focusing on redirection rather than punishment.

C. Asking why may not be effective, as the patient may lack insight into their behavior due to the brain injury.

D. Having the patient return to their room could seem punitive and does not address the need for behavior modification.

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The nurse suspects autonomic dysreflexia in the patient with a spinal cord injury at the level of C-7. After checking vital signs what are the priority nursing interventions?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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