The nurse should educate clients who are HIV+ on proper nutrition, exercise, and stress reduction because these factors will: (Select All that Apply.)

Increase a feeling of well-being in HIV+ patients.

Help improve immune function.

Maintain patient's strength and ability to care for oneself.

Prevent transmission of the virus to others.

Eliminate the virus from the body.

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,B,C

Choice A rationale

Proper nutrition, exercise, and stress reduction enhance psychological well-being, stimulating endorphin release, which improves mood and resilience, essential for managing chronic conditions like HIV.

Choice B rationale

These factors bolster immune function by reducing cortisol levels that impair immunity, supporting T-cell activity and promoting resistance against opportunistic infections common in HIV patients.

Choice C rationale

Maintaining strength and independence aids patients in daily functioning, reducing dependency and enhancing self-efficacy, which is critical for long-term adherence to therapeutic regimens in HIV.

Choice D rationale

Preventing virus transmission requires safe practices, not lifestyle changes alone. Nutrition and exercise cannot alter transmission mechanisms like exposure to body fluids.

Choice E rationale

Eliminating HIV completely necessitates antiretroviral therapy and advancements in medical science; lifestyle modifications alone are insufficient against viral integration within host DNA.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale

A ketogenic diet includes high fats, moderate protein, and low carbohydrates, with unsaturated fats emphasized for health. This metabolic state reduces seizure frequency by enhancing ketone production as an alternative energy source for the brain.

Choice B rationale

Increasing carbohydrates disrupts ketosis, the fundamental principle of the ketogenic diet. This would counteract the therapeutic goal of reducing seizure activity by providing glucose as a primary brain fuel instead of ketones.

Choice C rationale

While omega-3 oils support brain health, the ketogenic diet focuses on low carbohydrate intake and high fat. Moderate protein intake is essential, but excess omega-3 emphasis neglects the diet’s structure.

Choice D rationale

Foods high in sodium and carbohydrates contradict the ketogenic diet's principles. Elevated carbohydrate intake halts ketosis, while excess sodium intake is unrelated to ketogenic mechanisms or seizure management.

A. T98.7 F (36.4 C), BP 220/46, HR 30, RR 6, O2 Sat 98% Room Air. B. T92.5 F (33.6 C), BP 90/64, HR 80, RR 14, O2 Sat 97% Room Air. C. T103.1 F (39.5 C), BP 82/50, HR 132, RR 30, O2 Sat 99% Room Air. D. T98.6 F (37 C), BP 200/94, HR 90, RR 18, O2 Sat 100% Room Air.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Extremely high systolic BP (220 mmHg), bradycardia (HR 30), and altered respirations (RR 6) suggest Cushing's triad, a hallmark of increased ICP due to severe brain injury.

Choice B rationale

Hypothermia (T92.5°F) and hypotension (BP 90/64) do not indicate increased ICP but may result from shock or hypothermic conditions affecting autonomic responses.

Choice C rationale

Hyperthermia (T103.1°F) and tachycardia (HR 132) are commonly seen in infection or hypermetabolic states, not directly pointing to raised ICP.

Choice D rationale

Mild hypertension (BP 200/94) with normal HR (90) and RR (18) does not fit the classic signs of increased ICP like Cushing's triad.

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The nurse should educate clients who are HIV+ on proper nutrition, exercise, and stress reduction because these factors will: (Select All that Apply.)

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The client who is diagnosed with a seizure disorder is prescribed a ketogenic diet.The nurse knows that the client understands the teaching when they state:

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The nurse is caring for a patient with an acute brain injury.Which of the following sets of vital signs would concern the nurse about increasing intracranial pressure (ICP)?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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