The nurse knows that a common presentation that happens early in HIV infections is:
Non-tender lymph nodes, productive cough.
Chills, aches, flu-like symptoms.
Abdominal cramping, loose stools.
High fever, severe headache, change in mentation.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A rationale
Non-tender lymph nodes and productive cough are more suggestive of later-stage infections or malignancies, not early HIV presentation which resembles acute viral syndrome.
Choice B rationale
Flu-like symptoms such as chills and aches occur during acute retroviral syndrome due to initial viral replication and immune response shortly after HIV infection.
Choice C rationale
Abdominal cramping and loose stools are associated with gastrointestinal infections in later stages of HIV due to opportunistic pathogens, not acute early-stage presentation.
Choice D rationale
High fever, severe headache, and change in mentation are indicative of central nervous system infections or complications in advanced HIV stages, not early acute HIV symptoms.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Scheduled voiding relies on the patient’s ability to control bladder function, which is ineffective in cases of a flaccid bladder caused by spinal cord injuries.
Choice B rationale
External catheters, such as condom catheters, are suited for patients with partial bladder control but are not appropriate for flaccid or atonic bladder management.
Choice C rationale
Indwelling urinary catheters may be used short-term but pose higher risks of urinary tract infections and are not optimal for long-term management of flaccid bladder.
Choice D rationale
Intermittent catheterization is the preferred method for managing flaccid bladder, ensuring complete bladder emptying while minimizing infection risks compared to indwelling catheters.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Administering oxygen at 6 liters per minute via nasal cannula risks hypercapnia in a client with emphysema due to impaired CO2 elimination. Oxygen should be titrated to maintain safe saturation levels, usually 88–92%.
Choice B rationale
Ipratropium is a bronchodilator that safely alleviates airway constriction in emphysema without systemic cardiovascular effects, making it suitable for a client with coronary artery disease and chronic obstructive pulmonary conditions.
Choice C rationale
Propranolol is contraindicated in emphysema due to its beta-blocking effects, which may exacerbate bronchoconstriction and reduce respiratory function, posing a significant risk to the client’s health.
Choice D rationale
Organic herbal supplements lack evidence-based safety and efficacy, especially in complex medical conditions like coronary artery disease and emphysema. They can also interact adversely with prescribed medications.
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