The nurse knows that a common presentation that happens early in HIV infections is:

Non-tender lymph nodes, productive cough.

Chills, aches, flu-like symptoms.

Abdominal cramping, loose stools.

High fever, severe headache, change in mentation.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A rationale

Non-tender lymph nodes and productive cough are more suggestive of later-stage infections or malignancies, not early HIV presentation which resembles acute viral syndrome.

Choice B rationale

Flu-like symptoms such as chills and aches occur during acute retroviral syndrome due to initial viral replication and immune response shortly after HIV infection.

Choice C rationale

Abdominal cramping and loose stools are associated with gastrointestinal infections in later stages of HIV due to opportunistic pathogens, not acute early-stage presentation.

Choice D rationale

High fever, severe headache, and change in mentation are indicative of central nervous system infections or complications in advanced HIV stages, not early acute HIV symptoms.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale

The latent period of HIV includes asymptomatic phases when the CD4+ count remains above 200 cells/mm. Pneumocystic pneumonia and low CD4+ counts signify progression beyond latent HIV.

Choice B rationale

HIV-positive status reflects infection presence, but it does not confirm AIDS unless CD4+ count drops below 200 cells/mm and opportunistic infections occur, such as pneumocystic pneumonia.

Choice C rationale

AIDS is diagnosed when CD4+ count decreases below 200 cells/mm, coupled with opportunistic infections. Pneumocystic pneumonia indicates a weakened immune system due to advanced disease.

Choice D rationale

Seroconversion marks the initial immune response to HIV infection with detectable antibodies but occurs before CD4+ counts decline significantly and opportunistic infections appear.

A. Avoid vigorous coughing or nose blowing. B. The ear canal will be firmly packed with a dry dressing if drainage occurs. C. Your ear canal will be irrigated with saline at room temperature. D. Bedrest with bathroom privileges is required for 24 hours.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Vigorous coughing or nose blowing increases pressure in the middle ear, potentially dislodging the stapes prosthesis, interfering with healing, and increasing risk of complications like vertigo or auditory damage.

Choice B rationale

Packing with dry dressing is contraindicated because it may trap moisture and increase infection risk. If drainage occurs, sterile measures are taken to assess and manage infection without creating ideal conditions for pathogens.

Choice C rationale

Irrigation of the ear canal risks introducing pathogens or disrupting the surgical area. Post-surgery, maintaining a dry environment helps reduce infection and promote proper healing.

Choice D rationale

Though bedrest may be recommended initially, prolonged immobility isn't essential unless specific complications arise. Movement minimizes risks of clot formation and encourages circulation, aiding recovery.

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The nurse knows that a common presentation that happens early in HIV infections is:

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client, who has tested positive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), now presents with a CD4+ count of less than 200 cells/mm and pneumocystic pneumonia.A normal range for a CD4+ count is 500-1500 cells/mm.How would the nurse evaluate these findings? The client:

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A client has had a stapedectomy for otosclerosis 24 hours ago.What must the nurse teach the client about post-operative care?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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The nurse knows that a common presentation that happens early in HIV infections is:

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