The nurse on a urology unit is caring for a client diagnosed with calcium oxalate renal calculi.
When planning this client's health education, what nutritional guidelines should the nurse provide?
Increase purine-rich food intake.
Follow a low-calcium diet.
Increase intake of potassium-rich foods.
Restrict foods with protein.
The Correct Answer is D
Protein intake can increase the excretion of calcium and oxalate in the urine, which can promote the formation of calcium oxalate stones. The client should limit animal protein sources, such as meat, poultry, fish, eggs, and dairy products.
Choice A is wrong because purine-rich foods, such as organ meats, shellfish, and beer, can increase the production of uric acid, which can cause uric acid stones.
Choice B is wrong because a low-calcium diet can increase the absorption of oxalate in the intestine, which can increase the risk of calcium oxalate stones.
The client should consume a moderate amount of calcium from dietary sources, such as milk, cheese, yogurt, and green leafy vegetables.
Choice C is wrong because potassium-rich foods, such as bananas, oranges, potatoes, and tomatoes, can help prevent calcium oxalate stones by increasing the urinary pH and citrate levels.
The client should consume adequate amounts of potassium from dietary sources.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["A","B","D"]
Explanation
These are all signs and symptoms of hypokalemia, which is a condition where the blood potassium level is too low. This can affect the function of the muscles, nerves, and heart. Therefore, the nurse would expect to find these signs and symptoms in a client with dehydration and hypokalemia.
Choice C is wrong because hyperreflexia is not a sign or symptom of hypokalemia.
Hyperreflexia is a condition where the reflexes are exaggerated or overactive.
This can be caused by conditions such as spinal cord injury, stroke, or electrolyte imbalances such as hypocalcemia or hypomagnesemia.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Furosemide is a diuretic that lowers blood pressure by increasing urine output and reducing fluid volume in the body.
One of the possible adverse effects of furosemide is hypotension, which is low blood pressure.
This can cause symptoms such as dizziness, faintness, confusion, or weakness.
The nurse should monitor the client’s blood pressure and report any signs of hypotension to the doctor.
Choice A is wrong because hypertension, which is high blood pressure, is not a common side effect of furosemide.
In fact, furosemide is used to treat hypertension in some cases.
Choice B is wrong because hypoglycemia, which is low blood sugar, is not a common side effect of furosemide.
Furosemide does not affect blood sugar levels directly.
However, it may interact with some medications that lower blood sugar, such as insulin or oral antidiabetic drugs.
The nurse should check the client’s medication history and monitor their blood sugar levels if they are taking any of these drugs.
Choice C is wrong because hyperkalemia, which is high potassium levels in the blood, is not a common side effect of furosemide.
Furosemide belongs to a class of diuretics called loop diuretics, which lower potassium levels by increasing its excretion in the urine.
One of the possible adverse effects of furosemide is hypokalemia, which is low potassium levels in the blood.
This can cause symptoms such as muscle cramps, weakness, irregular heartbeat, or numbness.
The nurse should monitor the client’s potassium levels and advise them to eat foods rich in potassium, such as bananas, oranges, or potatoes.
Normal ranges for blood pressure are 90/60 mmHg to 120/80 mmHg.
Normal ranges for blood sugar are 4.0 mmol/L to 7.8 mmol/L (72 mg/dL to 140 mg/dL).
Normal ranges for potassium are 3.5 mmol/L to 5.0 mmol/L (3.5 mEq/L to 5.0 mEq/L).
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