The nurse observes that the tissue over the sacrum is dark, hard, and adherent to the wound edge. What is the stage for this pressure injury?

A. Applying warm compresses can help relieve discomfort

B. Regular monitoring of skin moisture is crucial in managing IAD. Moist skin is more susceptible to breakdown, so frequent checks allow for prompt intervention, such as changing incontinence products or applying protective barriers.

C. Applying a moisture barrier product after cleansing helps protect the skin from moisture and irritants found in urine or feces. These products create a protective barrier that can prevent further damage and promote healing of already affected skin. This is essential in managing IAD.

D There is no clinical

Rationale to decrease oral intake in the early morning specifically for managing IAD. Hydration is important for overall skin health, and reducing oral intake without medical indication could lead to dehydration, which may worsen skin condition.

E. Vigorous drying of the skin is not recommended as it can exacerbate skin irritation and damage. Instead, gentle patting or air drying is preferred to avoid further trauma to the already compromised skin.

A. Restlessness and agitation in nonverbal clients can often be exacerbated by environmental factors such as noise, bright lights, or unfamiliar surroundings. By reducing environmental stimuli, such as dimming lights, minimizing noise, and providing a calm atmosphere, the nurse can help alleviate agitation and promote a more comfortable environment for the client.

B. Suctioning the oropharynx is not typically the first action unless there is a clear indication that airway obstruction or secretion management is contributing to the client's agitation. It is important to first assess whether there are signs of respiratory distress or airway compromise before performing suctioning.

C. Assessing pulse oximetry is important for monitoring oxygen saturation levels, especially if there are concerns about respiratory distress or inadequate oxygenation. However, it is not typically the first action when a client is restless and agitated unless there are specific indications or signs suggesting respiratory compromise.

D. Administering oxygen may be necessary if there are signs of hypoxia or respiratory distress contributing to the client's agitation. However, without assessing the client's oxygenation status first, administering oxygen as the initial action may not address the underlying cause of agitation.