The nurse is working on an infectious disease unit. Which client should be assigned to a room with negative airflow, while requiring personnel to use a particulate respirator mask, and requiring staff to observe airborne, as well as standard precautions?
A female adolescent admitted with multiple genital Herpes simplex II lesions.
Twin siblings admitted with scarlet fever that is complicated with pneumonia.
An older client with scabies who is admitted from an extended care facility.
A client with a positive Mantoux and sputum cultures results positive for acid-fast bacillus (AFB).
The Correct Answer is D
Rationale
A. Herpes simplex virus type II (HSV-II) primarily spreads through direct contact with the lesions and is not airborne. Airborne precautions and negative airflow rooms are not necessary for this condition.
B. Scarlet fever is caused by Group A Streptococcus bacteria and typically spreads through respiratory droplets. However, scarlet fever itself does not require airborne precautions. If complicated with pneumonia, respiratory droplets could potentially spread the infection, but specific airborne precautions are generally not required unless there are other pathogens involved that require it.
C. Scabies is caused by the Sarcoptes scabiei mite and spreads through direct skin-to-skin contact. It does not require airborne precautions or negative airflow rooms.
D. A positive Mantoux test and sputum cultures positive for acid-fast bacillus (AFB) suggest tuberculosis (TB) infection. TB is spread through airborne droplets (e.g., coughing, sneezing), and therefore, requires airborne precautions including negative airflow rooms to prevent transmission to others.A
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Rationale
A. While it is important background information, it is not directly relevant to the acute change in the client's condition (increasing confusion and agitation). Therefore, this should not be provided first in the SBAR communication.
B. Knowing the client's current medications is important for understanding any potential causes or exacerbating factors related to the sudden onset of confusion and agitation. However, this is also background information and does not immediately address the acute change in the client's condition.
C. This is the most critical piece of information to provide first in the SBAR communication. Sudden onset of increasing confusion and agitation can indicate various urgent issues such as delirium, infection, metabolic disturbances, or neurological complications. This requires immediate attention and intervention from the healthcare provider.
D. While knowing the client's healthcare power of attorney is important for ensuring appropriate decision-making if needed, it is not urgent information in the context of reporting a sudden change in the client's condition. This can be discussed later in the SBAR communication or as part of the background information if relevant to the client's care.
Correct Answer is ["1.3"]
Explanation
Convert pounds to kilograms.
- 1 pound = 0.453592 kilograms
- 132 pounds * 0.453592 kg/pound = 59.87 kilograms
Step 2: Calculate the total dose in micrograms.
- 44 micrograms/kilogram * 59.87 kilograms = 2635.08 micrograms
Step 3: Convert micrograms to milligrams.
- 1 milligram = 1000 micrograms
- 2635.08 micrograms / 1000 micrograms/milligram = 2.63508 milligrams
Step 4: Calculate the volume to be administered.
- Concentration of lorazepam = 2 milligrams/milliliter
- Volume = Dose / Concentration
- Volume = 2.63508 milligrams / 2 milligrams/milliliter = 1.31754 milliliters
Therefore, the nurse should administer approximately 1.3milliliters of the lorazepam solution.
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