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The nurse is assessing a 3-month-old client who had a pyloromyotomy yesterday. This child should be medicated for pain based on which finding(s)? Select all that apply.

Clenched fists.

Increased temperature.

Restlessness.

Peripheral pallor of the skin.

E Increased respiratory rate.

Increased pulse rate.

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,C,E,F

Rationale

A. Clenched fists can be a sign of pain in infants. Infants may reflexively clench their fists as a response to discomfort or pain. This behavior is commonly observed during painful procedures or when experiencing pain.

B. While fever can sometimes accompany pain due to inflammation or stress response, it is not typically a reliable indicator of pain in the absence of other signs. Therefore, fever alone is not a specific indicator of pain post-pyloromyotomy.

C. Restlessness or increased agitation can indicate pain in infants. They may squirm, move their arms and legs, or have difficulty settling down. Restlessness is a non-verbal cue that infants use to communicate discomfort or distress.

D. Peripheral pallor could indicate decreased peripheral perfusion, which might occur due to various factors post-operatively, but it is not a direct indicator of pain.

E. Increased respiratory rate can be associated with pain.

F. An increased pulse rate (tachycardia) is a physiological response to pain in infants. Pain activates the sympathetic nervous system, leading to an increased heart rate as the body prepares to respond to stress or discomfort.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Rationale

A. This finding suggests that the skin has already broken down, indicating a more advanced stage of pressure injury rather than an early indication. The presence of broken skin typically indicates at least a Stage 2 pressure injury according to the staging system.

B. This description suggests the presence of a deep tissue injury (DTI), which is a late sign of pressure injury.

C. This is indicative of a stage I pressure injury, where the skin is still intact but shows signs of redness that does not blanch with pressure. This stage precedes the actual breakdown of skin seen in more advanced pressure injuries.

D. This finding describes a superficial wound with clear margins, suggesting a Stage 2 pressure injury. It is more advanced than the early signs typically sought for early intervention.

Correct Answer is "{\"xRanges\":[389.5,439.5],\"yRanges\":[222,272]}"

Explanation

Site- the nose

Rationale

Rhinorrhea refers specifically to cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) rhinorrhea. This occurs when there is a leakage of CSF from the nose due to a fracture or injury to the skull base or surrounding structures, such as the cribriform plate.

CSF is a clear fluid that surrounds and cushions the brain and spinal cord. When there is a fracture or disruption in the skull base, CSF can leak out through the nasal passages. This condition is concerning because it can increase the risk of infection, such as meningitis, due to the direct communication between the central nervous system and the external environment through the nasal cavity.

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The nurse is assessing a 3-month-old client who had a pyloromyotomy yesterday. This child should be medicated for pain based on which finding(s)? Select all that apply.

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client admitted with pneumonia and on bedrest has not had the strength to perform self care. Which assessment finding provides the nurse with the earliest indication that the client is developing a pressure injury?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

In caring for a client following a head injury, the nurse plans to assess for rhinorrhea so that a sample can be tested for the presence of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). At which location should the nurse observe for this finding? (Click the chosen location. To change, click on the new location.)

Correct Answer is "{\"xRanges\":[389.5,439.5],\"yRanges\":[222,272]}"

Explanation

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