Patient Data

Exhibits

Complete the diagram by dragging from the choices area to specify which condition the client is most likely experiencing, two actions the nurse should take to address that condition, and two parameters the nurse should monitor to assess the client's progress,

Rationale

A. A. lung biopsy involves obtaining a tissue sample from the lung for microscopic examination. It is typically performed to diagnose conditions such as lung cancer or to investigate unusual findings seen on imaging studies. However, for a client with COPD experiencing increased shortness of breath, a lung biopsy is not typically indicated as a first-line investigation. It is more invasive and usually reserved for specific diagnostic purposes other than routine evaluation of COPD symptoms.

B. Antibody testing is used to detect antibodies specific to certain infections or autoimmune conditions. It is not typically used in the routine evaluation of COPD symptoms unless there is suspicion of a specific autoimmune or infectious cause contributing to exacerbations, which is less common in COPD compared to other conditions.

C. A. sweat test is used to diagnose cystic fibrosis (CF), a genetic disorder that affects the lungs and digestive system. It measures the amount of chloride in sweat, which is elevated in individuals with CF. Since COPD and CF are distinct conditions with different underlying causes and diagnostic criteria, a sweat test is not appropriate for evaluating COPD symptoms.

D. Spirometry is the most appropriate test to schedule for evaluating a client with COPD who reports increased shortness of breath with activity. Spirometry measures lung function by assessing how much and how quickly a person can move air into and out of their lungs. It provides valuable information about the severity of airflow limitation, which is characteristic of COPD.

Convert pounds to kilograms.

• 1 pound = 0.453592 kilograms
• 132 pounds * 0.453592 kg/pound = 59.87 kilograms

Step 2: Calculate the total dose in micrograms.

• 44 micrograms/kilogram * 59.87 kilograms = 2635.08 micrograms

Step 3: Convert micrograms to milligrams.

• 1 milligram = 1000 micrograms
• 2635.08 micrograms / 1000 micrograms/milligram = 2.63508 milligrams

Step 4: Calculate the volume to be administered.

• Concentration of lorazepam = 2 milligrams/milliliter
• Volume = Dose / Concentration
• Volume = 2.63508 milligrams / 2 milligrams/milliliter = 1.31754 milliliters

Therefore, the nurse should administer approximately 1.3milliliters of the lorazepam solution.