The nurse is teaching a group of student nurses on the care of a client with Parkinson's disease. Which statement, if made by a student, indicates understanding of the topic?
Parkinson's disease results from too low acetylcholine as a result of an autoimmune reaction.
This disease is caused by the deterioration of the myelin sheath of the basal ganglia.
Excess dopamine and deficient acetylcholine are the two major causes of Parkinson's disease.
Parkinson's is caused by depletion of dopamine and excess of acetylcholine.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A Reason: Parkinson's disease does not result from too low acetylcholine as a result of an autoimmune reaction, but this may be a description of myasthenia gravis, which affects the neuromuscular junction.
Choice B Reason: Parkinson's disease is not caused by the deterioration of the myelin sheath of the basal ganglia, but this may be a description of multiple sclerosis, which affects the central nervous system.
Choice C Reason: Excess dopamine and deficient acetylcholine are not the two major causes of Parkinson's disease, but they are reversed. Parkinson's disease is caused by low dopamine and high acetylcholine levels in the brain.
Choice D Reason: Parkinson's is caused by depletion of dopamine and excess of acetylcholine, as this affects the balance between these two neurotransmitters that control movement and coordination.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A Reason: Irrigating the fistula with 3 mL of normal saline solution is not a correct way to assess the patency of the fistula, as it may cause bleeding, infection, or dislodgement of the fistula.
Choice B Reason: Flushing the fistula with 1 mL of heparin solution once per shift is not a correct way to assess the patency of the fistula, as it may cause clotting, infection, or allergic reaction.
Choice C Reason: Infusing 50 mL of normal saline once per 24 hours is not a correct way to assess the patency of the fistula, as it may cause fluid overload, hypertension, or edema.
Choice D Reason: Palpating for a vibrating sensation at the fistula site is a correct way to assess the patency of the fistula, as it indicates that there is adequate blood flow through the fistula. This sensation is also known as a thrill.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A Reason: Keeping scissors at the bedside is the most important safety intervention for this client, as it allows for quick removal of the tube in case of airway obstruction or bleeding.
Choice B Reason: Providing good mouth care is an important intervention for this client, but it is not the most important, as it helps to prevent oral infections and discomfort.
Choice C Reason: Deflating the balloon on a regular basis is not an appropriate intervention for this client, as it may cause bleeding or displacement of the tube.
Choice D Reason: Monitoring IV fluid intake is an important intervention for this client, but it is not the most important, as it helps to prevent fluid overload or dehydration.
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