The nurse is teaching a group of student nurses on the care of a client with Parkinson's disease. Which statement, if made by a student, indicates understanding of the topic?

Parkinson's disease results from too low acetylcholine as a result of an autoimmune reaction.

This disease is caused by the deterioration of the myelin sheath of the basal ganglia.

Excess dopamine and deficient acetylcholine are the two major causes of Parkinson's disease.

Parkinson's is caused by depletion of dopamine and excess of acetylcholine.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A Reason: Parkinson's disease does not result from too low acetylcholine as a result of an autoimmune reaction, but this may be a description of myasthenia gravis, which affects the neuromuscular junction.

Choice B Reason: Parkinson's disease is not caused by the deterioration of the myelin sheath of the basal ganglia, but this may be a description of multiple sclerosis, which affects the central nervous system.

Choice C Reason: Excess dopamine and deficient acetylcholine are not the two major causes of Parkinson's disease, but they are reversed. Parkinson's disease is caused by low dopamine and high acetylcholine levels in the brain.

Choice D Reason: Parkinson's is caused by depletion of dopamine and excess of acetylcholine, as this affects the balance between these two neurotransmitters that control movement and coordination.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A Reason: Ketoacidosis is not likely to be the complication that the nurse should suspect, as it is caused by high blood glucose levels and results in symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, fruity breath, and deep breathing.

Choice B Reason: Hyperglycemia is not likely to be the complication that the nurse should suspect, as it is caused by high blood glucose levels and results in symptoms such as thirst, polyuria, blurred vision, dry skin, and fatigue.

Choice C Reason: Nephropathy is not likely to be the complication that the nurse should suspect, as it is a chronic kidney disease that develops over time due to diabetes and results in symptoms such as proteinuria, edema, hypertension, and anemia.

Choice D Reason: Hypoglycemia is likely to be the complication that the nurse should suspect, as it is caused by low blood glucose levels and results in symptoms such as sweating, tachycardia, lightheadedness, shakiness, hunger, and confusion.

A. Murphy sign B. McBurney sign C. Cullen's sign D. Homan sign

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A Reason: Murphy sign is a finding that indicates cholecystitis, which is inflammation of the gallbladder. It is elicited by palpating the right upper quadrant of the abdomen and asking the client to take a deep breath. The client will experience pain and stop breathing in if cholecystitis is present.

Choice B Reason: McBurney sign is a finding that indicates appendicitis, which is inflammation of the appendix. It is elicited by palpating the right lower quadrant of the abdomen at a point one-third of the distance from the anterior superior iliac spine to the umbilicus. The client will experience pain and tenderness if appendicitis is present.

Choice C Reason: Cullen's sign is a finding that indicates intra-abdominal bleeding, which can be caused by various conditions such as ruptured ectopic pregnancy, pancreatitis, or trauma. It is characterized by bruising around the umbilicus due to blood accumulation under the skin.

Choice D Reason: Homan sign is a finding that indicates deep vein thrombosis (DVT), which is a blood clot in a deep vein, usually in the leg. It is elicited by dorsiflexing the foot and squeezing the calf muscle. The client will experience pain and resistance if DVT is present.

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The nurse is teaching a group of student nurses on the care of a client with Parkinson's disease. Which statement, if made by a student, indicates understanding of the topic?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse finds a client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus lying in bed, sweating, tachycardic, and reporting feeling lightheaded and shaky. Which of the following complications should the nurse suspect?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse is assisting with data collection of a client with suspected cholecystitis. Which finding does the nurse expect to note if cholecystitis is present?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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