The nurse is reinforcing discharge instructions to the client with pulmonary sarcoidosis. The nurse knows that the client understands the information if the client verbalizes which early sign of exacerbation?

Fever

Weight loss

Fatigue

Shortness of breath

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Fever: Although fever can occur with various respiratory conditions, it is not the most specific early sign of an exacerbation in pulmonary sarcoidosis.

B. Weight loss: Weight loss is a more general symptom and not specifically indicative of an exacerbation of sarcoidosis.

C. Fatigue: Fatigue is a common symptom of sarcoidosis but is not necessarily an early sign of an exacerbation.

D. Shortness of breath: Shortness of breath is a significant early indicator of exacerbation in pulmonary sarcoidosis. It reflects worsening inflammation and granuloma formation affecting lung function.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Respiratory acidosis occurs due to hypoventilation, resulting in carbon dioxide retention. This condition is characterized by slow, shallow breathing and confusion, which is not consistent with the client's rapid respiratory rate of 30/min.
B. Respiratory alkalosis is typically caused by hyperventilation, where excessive breathing leads to a decrease in carbon dioxide levels. The client's symptoms of high anxiety and rapid, shallow respirations are indicative of hyperventilation, making respiratory alkalosis the most likely diagnosis.
C. Metabolic acidosis is characterized by deep, rapid breathing (Kussmaul respirations) as the body attempts to expel excess acid. The client's shallow respirations are inconsistent with the breathing pattern seen in metabolic acidosis.
D. Metabolic alkalosis usually presents with symptoms such as dizziness and tingling, often with compensatory slow respirations. The rapid respiratory rate in this case does not suggest metabolic alkalosis, making this option unlikely.

A. Oral antibiotics B. Oral decongestants C. Nasal saline irrigation D. Intranasal corticosteroids

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Oral antibiotics: Antibiotics are not indicated for allergic rhinitis, as it is an allergic condition rather than an infection.
B. Oral decongestants: While decongestants can provide temporary relief from nasal congestion, they can also cause rebound congestion if used for prolonged periods.
C. Nasal saline irrigation: Nasal saline irrigation can help to clear out mucus and allergens but is not a primary treatment for allergic rhinitis.
D. Intranasal corticosteroids: Intranasal corticosteroids are the most effective treatment for allergic rhinitis, as they reduce inflammation in the nasal passages and help to alleviate symptoms.

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The nurse is reinforcing discharge instructions to the client with pulmonary sarcoidosis. The nurse knows that the client understands the information if the client verbalizes which early sign of exacerbation?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client in the emergency department (ED) who has high anxiety and shallow respirations at a rate of 30/min. Which of the following acid-base disturbances is the client most likely experiencing?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Exhibits Which of the following is the most appropriate treatment strategy for this patient, who is likely experiencing allergic rhinitis?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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