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A nurse is providing care to a client who has a history of asthma. The client presents with influenza symptoms that started the previous day. The provider orders an influenza test and prescribes an oral antiviral with instructions to begin the treatment as soon as possible. The client asks the nurse whether they can take the antiviral before the lab results are back. Which of the following responses by the nurse is appropriate?

"No, you should wait for lab confirmation because taking antivirals for a nonviral infection can increase side effects."

"No, you should wait for lab confirmation before beginning antiviral treatment, to prevent resistant viruses."

"Yes, antiviral treatment will ensure that you are less contagious and do not spread influenza to others."

"Yes, antiviral treatments are most effective when they are started within 48 hours of symptom onset."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. "No, you should wait for lab confirmation because taking antivirals for a nonviral infection can increase side effects.": While unnecessary use of antivirals can lead to side effects, prompt treatment in high-risk individuals (such as those with asthma) is crucial to mitigate complications, making this response less appropriate.

B. "No, you should wait for lab confirmation before beginning antiviral treatment, to prevent resistant viruses.": Delaying treatment in high-risk populations is not recommended as antivirals are most effective early in the course of the illness. This statement does not consider the urgency of treating influenza in vulnerable clients.

C. "Yes, antiviral treatment will ensure that you are less contagious and do not spread influenza to others.": While antivirals can reduce viral shedding, this response overlooks the critical importance of early treatment in reducing the severity of the illness and preventing complications.

D. "Yes, antiviral treatments are most effective when they are started within 48 hours of symptom onset.": Antivirals are most effective when initiated within 48 hours of the onset of influenza symptoms, especially in individuals with underlying conditions like asthma. Starting treatment early can reduce the severity and duration of symptoms, making this the most appropriate response.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Hyperventilation: Respiratory alkalosis is typically caused by hyperventilation, which leads to excessive loss of carbon dioxide and an increase in blood pH. This is a primary finding in respiratory alkalosis.

B. Abdominal pain: While abdominal pain can occur in various conditions, it is not a specific or common finding associated with respiratory alkalosis.

C. Dry skin: Dry skin is not a direct manifestation of respiratory alkalosis. It is not typically associated with the changes in acid-base balance seen in respiratory alkalosis.

D. Diarrhea: Diarrhea is not commonly associated with respiratory alkalosis. Instead, gastrointestinal symptoms like diarrhea are more commonly related to metabolic acidosis or other conditions.

A. Hyperkalemia B. Hypermagnesemia C. Hypocalcemia D. Hyponatremia

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Hyperkalemia: Hyperkalemia involves elevated potassium levels, which can cause muscle weakness, cardiac arrhythmias, and other symptoms, but it is not associated with Trousseau's sign or bone pain.

B. Hypermagnesemia: Hypermagnesemia, an elevated magnesium level, typically causes symptoms such as muscle weakness and respiratory depression, but not Trousseau's sign or bone pain.

C. Hypocalcemia: Hypocalcemia, characterized by low calcium levels, is commonly associated with a positive Trousseau's sign (spasms induced by inflating a blood pressure cuff) and bone pain due to calcium's role in bone health and neuromuscular function.

D. Hyponatremia: Hyponatremia refers to low sodium levels, which can cause symptoms like confusion, seizures, and lethargy, but it is not related to Trousseau's sign or bone pain.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is assessing a client who has respiratory alkalosis. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client who has a positive Trousseau's sign and bone pain. Which of the following electrolyte imbalances should the nurse suspect to find with this client?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Exhibits Which of the following is the most appropriate initial management for this patient?

The nurse is reinforcing discharge instructions to the client with pulmonary sarcoidosis. The nurse knows that the client understands the information if the client verbalizes which early sign of exacerbation?

A nurse is reinforcing teaching to a graduating nurse about fluid volume deficit. Which of the following concepts about water balance should the nurse explain to the graduating nurse?

A nurse is collecting data for a client who has tension pneumothorax. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect following tracheal deviation?

A charge nurse is reinforcing teaching with a newly licensed nurse about fluid shifts. The newly licensed nurse asks why sodium levels are high during dehydration. Which of the following responses should the charge nurse provide?

A nurse is assisting with preparations for administering intravenous potassium replacement supplements to a client who has a potassium level of 2.5 mEq/L. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to include? (Select all that apply.)

Exhibits What is the most appropriate initial management for this patient?

The nurse is gathering data on a client with a diagnosis of tuberculosis. The nurse should review the results of which diagnostic test to confirm this diagnosis?