The nurse is gathering data on a client with a diagnosis of tuberculosis. The nurse should review the results of which diagnostic test to confirm this diagnosis?

A. Respiratory alkalosis: Respiratory alkalosis is more commonly associated with hyperventilation and is not directly linked to the physiological effects of a tension pneumothorax, where the primary concern is intrathoracic pressure changes.

B. Increased venous return: In tension pneumothorax, intrathoracic pressure increases significantly, compressing the great vessels and the heart, leading to decreased venous return, not an increase.

C. Decreased cardiac output: Tension pneumothorax causes a rise in intrathoracic pressure, which compresses the heart and great vessels, leading to decreased venous return and, consequently, reduced cardiac output. This is a critical finding and requires immediate intervention.

D. Dilated ventricles: Ventricular dilation is generally associated with chronic heart conditions, not acute issues like tension pneumothorax, where decreased filling pressures are more of a concern than dilation.

A. Clients who have had gastric bypass surgery: Gastric bypass surgery can lead to decreased absorption of nutrients, including magnesium, making these clients at higher risk for hypomagnesemia.

B. Clients who have renal failure: Renal failure can impair the kidneys' ability to excrete magnesium, potentially leading to hypomagnesemia.

C. Clients receiving opioid pain medications: Opioids are not directly associated with hypomagnesemia. They may have other side effects but do not typically cause low magnesium levels.

D. Clients who are in the intensive care unit: ICU patients are at risk for various electrolyte imbalances, including hypomagnesemia, due to critical illness, medications, and other factors.

E. Clients undergoing hemodialysis: Hemodialysis can lead to loss of magnesium, making these patients more susceptible to hypomagnesemia.