The nurse is providing teaching to a client newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus about disease management. Which response by the client indicates understanding?
Wear closed-toe shoes that are comfortable and fit well.
Obtain an A1C blood test every year to monitor glucose control.
Check blood sugar levels every four to six hours every day.
Restrict alcoholic beverages to no more than 1 to 2 per week.
The Correct Answer is A
A. Wear closed-toe shoes that are comfortable and fit well: Wearing well-fitting shoes helps prevent foot injuries and complications, which are common in people with diabetes due to neuropathy and poor circulation. Foot care is crucial for diabetes management.
B. Obtain an A1C blood test every year to monitor glucose control: The A1C test should be done at least twice a year if the client’s blood sugar is under control, or more often if adjustments are needed.
C. Check blood sugar levels every four to six hours every day: Most individuals with type 2 diabetes need to check blood sugar based on specific times like before meals or once daily, not every few hours.
D. Restrict alcoholic beverages to no more than 1 to 2 per week: Moderate alcohol intake may be allowed in some cases, but more frequent consumption can affect blood sugar. The goal is to limit intake, not restrict to a specific number per week.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is {"dropdown-group-1":"A"}
Explanation
Rationale for Correct Choice:
- Depression: The client has symptoms of depression, such as general malaise, fatigue, decreased appetite, withdrawal, flat affect, and poor hygiene. Additionally, the client reports a significant change in sleep patterns, with an inability to sleep at night. His alcohol consumption could also contribute to depressive symptoms.
Rationale for Incorrect Choices:
- Anxiety disorder: While anxiety can cause fatigue, disrupted sleep, and lack of energy, it typically also presents with heightened nervousness, restlessness, excessive worry, or physical symptoms like rapid heart rate, which are not reported here. The client's withdrawal and lack of energy are more consistent with depression.
- Hypothyroidism: Hypothyroidism can cause fatigue, weight gain, and poor appetite, but the client's low BMI (17.7 kg/m²) suggests that weight loss, rather than gain, is occurring. Additionally, the lack of other hypothyroid symptoms, like constipation or cold intolerance, makes hypothyroidism less likely than depression in this scenario.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Glucose and calcium levels: During thyrotoxic crisis, the body’s metabolism is increased, which can lead to hyperglycemia. Additionally, calcium levels may fluctuate due to the impact of thyroid hormones on bone metabolism, making these values critical to monitor.
B. Electrolytes and hemoglobin: While monitoring electrolytes is important, they are not the most critical values in a thyrotoxic crisis. Hemoglobin levels are not directly impacted by thyroid storm and are less likely to provide essential insights for managing this condition.
C. Renal and liver function tests: While important for general health monitoring, renal and liver function tests are not the most critical in the immediate management of a thyrotoxic crisis. The focus should be on metabolic and electrolyte imbalances rather than organ function tests.
D. Blood and urine cultures: Blood and urine cultures are used to detect infections, they are not a priority during a thyrotoxic crisis unless there is a concern about infection. The primary focus should be on managing thyroid hormone levels and associated metabolic effects.
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