The nurse is providing instructions about a client's new medications. How should the nurse explain the purpose of probenecid, a uricosuric drug?

Decreases pain and burning during urination.

Increases the strength of the urine stream.

Prevents the formation of kidney stones.

Promotes excretion of uric acid in the urine.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A reason: Decreasing pain and burning during urination is not the purpose of probenecid, which is a drug that lowers the level of uric acid in the blood. Probenecid is used to treat gout, a condition that causes painful inflammation of the joints due to the accumulation of uric acid crystals. Probenecid does not have any effect on the urinary tract or its symptoms.

Choice B reason: Increasing the strength of the urine stream is not the purpose of probenecid, which is a drug that increases the amount of uric acid in the urine. Probenecid works by blocking the reabsorption of uric acid by the kidneys, thus increasing its excretion. Probenecid does not have any effect on the bladder or its function.

Choice C reason: Preventing the formation of kidney stones is not the purpose of probenecid, which is a drug that can actually increase the risk of kidney stones. Probenecid increases the concentration of uric acid in the urine, which can lead to the formation of uric acid stones. The nurse should instruct the client to drink plenty of fluids and avoid foods high in purines, such as organ meats, seafood, and alcohol, to prevent kidney stones.

Choice D reason: Promoting excretion of uric acid in the urine is the purpose of probenecid, which is a drug that reduces the level of uric acid in the blood. Probenecid helps prevent gout attacks by preventing the buildup of uric acid crystals in the joints. The nurse should monitor the client's serum uric acid level, renal function, and urine output, and advise the client to take the medication with food to avoid stomach upset.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: Administering both prescribed medications as scheduled is not the appropriate action in this situation. The client's total calcium level is above the normal range of 9 to 10.5 mg/dL (2.25 to 2.62 mmol/L), indicating hypercalcemia. Hypercalcemia is a serious condition that can cause nausea, vomiting, constipation, confusion, kidney stones, and cardiac arrhythmias. Giving more calcitriol and calcium carbonate would worsen the client's condition and increase the risk of complications.

Choice B reason: Holding the calcium carbonate, but administering the calcitriol as scheduled is not the appropriate action in this situation. Calcium carbonate is a supplement that provides extra calcium to the body. Calcitriol is a synthetic form of vitamin D that helps the body absorb calcium from the intestines and kidneys. Both medications can increase the blood calcium level and cause hypercalcemia. The nurse should not give either medication without consulting the healthcare provider.

Choice C reason: Holding both medications until contacting the healthcare provider is the best action in this situation. The nurse should recognize that the client's total calcium level is dangerously high and report it to the healthcare provider as soon as possible. The healthcare provider may order to stop or adjust the doses of calcitriol and calcium carbonate, and prescribe other treatments to lower the blood calcium level, such as intravenous fluids, diuretics, or bisphosphonates.

Choice D reason: Holding the calcitriol, but administering the calcium carbonate as scheduled is not the appropriate action in this situation. Calcium carbonate is a supplement that provides extra calcium to the body. Giving more calcium carbonate to a client with hypercalcemia would increase the blood calcium level even more and cause more harm. The nurse should not give any medication that can raise the blood calcium level without consulting the healthcare provider.

A. Lorazepam. B. Digoxin. C. Sucralfate. D. Vancomycin.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason: Lorazepam is a benzodiazepine that is used to treat anxiety, insomnia, and seizures. It is metabolized by the liver and does not have a significant effect on the kidneys. The nurse should monitor the client for signs of sedation, respiratory depression, and dependence.

Choice B reason: Digoxin is a cardiac glycoside that is used to treat heart failure and arrhythmias. It is eliminated by the kidneys and can cause toxicity if the renal function is impaired. The nurse should monitor the client's serum digoxin level, heart rate, and rhythm, and signs of toxicity, such as nausea, vomiting, visual disturbances, and confusion.

Choice C reason: Sucralfate is a mucosal protectant that is used to treat peptic ulcer disease. It forms a protective barrier over the ulcer and does not get absorbed into the bloodstream. It does not affect the kidneys and has few side effects. The nurse should monitor the client's symptoms and advise them to take the medication on an empty stomach.

Choice D reason: Vancomycin is an antibiotic that is used to treat serious infections caused by gram-positive bacteria. It is nephrotoxic and can cause AKI, especially in high doses or prolonged use. The nurse should monitor the client's serum vancomycin level, renal function tests, urine output, and signs of AKI, such as oliguria, edema, and electrolyte imbalances.

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The nurse is providing instructions about a client's new medications. How should the nurse explain the purpose of probenecid, a uricosuric drug?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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