When administering medications to a group of clients, which client should the nurse closely monitor for development of acute kidney injury (AKI)?

Sucralfate.

Vancomycin.

Lorazepam.

Digoxin.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice B reason: Vancomycin is an antibiotic that can treat serious bacterial infections that are resistant to other antibiotics. However, vancomycin can also cause nephrotoxicity, or damage to the kidneys, especially when given in high doses or for prolonged periods. Nephrotoxicity can lead to AKI, which is a sudden and severe decrease in kidney function that can cause fluid and electrolyte imbalances, acid-base disorders, uremia, and death. Therefore, the nurse should closely monitor the client who is receiving vancomycin for development of AKI by checking their serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels, urine output and specific gravity, and signs and symptoms of fluid overload or dehydration.

Choice A reason: Sucralfate is an anti-ulcer drug that forms a protective coating over the stomach lining and prevents further damage from acid or pepsin. Sucralfate does not cause nephrotoxicity or AKI and has minimal systemic absorption or side effects. Therefore, the nurse does not need to closely monitor the client who is taking sucralfate for development of AKI.

Choice C reason: Lorazepam is a benzodiazepine that can treat anxiety, insomnia, seizures, or alcohol withdrawal. Lorazepam does not cause nephrotoxicity or AKI and has low renal clearance or elimination. Therefore, the nurse does not need to closely monitor the client who is taking lorazepam for development of AKI.

Choice D reason: Digoxin is a cardiac glycoside that can treat heart failure or atrial fibrillation by increasing the force and efficiency of heart contractions and slowing down the heart rate. Digoxin does not cause nephrotoxicity

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice B reason:While spironolactone can sometimes cause side effects, bruising is not a typical issue associated with this medication.

Choice A reason: Covering your skin before going outside is not an instruction that the nurse should include in this client's plan of care, but rather a general precaution that anyone should take to protect their skin from sun damage. Spironolactone does not increase the risk of sunburn or photosensitivity.

Choice C reason:Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic that works by blocking aldosterone, which helps reduce fluid retention. However, because it spares potassium, there is a risk of hyperkalemia (high potassium levels). Therefore, clients taking spironolactone should limit their intake of high-potassium foods (e.g., bananas, oranges, spinach, avocados) to avoid dangerous potassium levels.

Choice D reason: Replacing salt with a salt substitute is not an instruction that the nurse should include in this client's plan of care, but rather a dangerous practice that can lead to hyperkalemia. Salt substitutes are often made with potassium chloride, which can increase the potassium level in the blood. The client should use herbs or spices instead of salt or salt substitutes to flavor their food.

Correct Answer is ["42"]

Explanation

The correct answer is 42gtt/min.

To calculate the infusion rate, use the formula:

gtt/min = (volume in mL x drop factor in gtt/mL) / time in min

Plug in the given values:

gtt/min = (500 mL x 10 gtt/mL) / 120 min

gtt/min = 5000 gtt / 120 min

gtt/min = 41.67 gtt/min

Round to the nearest whole number:

gtt/min = 42 gtt/min

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When administering medications to a group of clients, which client should the nurse closely monitor for development of acute kidney injury (AKI)?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client with heart failure (HF) develops hyperaldosteronism and spironolactone is prescribed. Which instruction should the nurse include in this client's plan of care?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Correct Answer is ["42"]

Explanation

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