When administering medications to a group of clients, which client should the nurse closely monitor for development of acute kidney injury (AKI)?

Sucralfate.

Vancomycin.

Lorazepam.

Digoxin.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice B reason: Vancomycin is an antibiotic that can treat serious bacterial infections that are resistant to other antibiotics. However, vancomycin can also cause nephrotoxicity, or damage to the kidneys, especially when given in high doses or for prolonged periods. Nephrotoxicity can lead to AKI, which is a sudden and severe decrease in kidney function that can cause fluid and electrolyte imbalances, acid-base disorders, uremia, and death. Therefore, the nurse should closely monitor the client who is receiving vancomycin for development of AKI by checking their serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels, urine output and specific gravity, and signs and symptoms of fluid overload or dehydration.

Choice A reason: Sucralfate is an anti-ulcer drug that forms a protective coating over the stomach lining and prevents further damage from acid or pepsin. Sucralfate does not cause nephrotoxicity or AKI and has minimal systemic absorption or side effects. Therefore, the nurse does not need to closely monitor the client who is taking sucralfate for development of AKI.

Choice C reason: Lorazepam is a benzodiazepine that can treat anxiety, insomnia, seizures, or alcohol withdrawal. Lorazepam does not cause nephrotoxicity or AKI and has low renal clearance or elimination. Therefore, the nurse does not need to closely monitor the client who is taking lorazepam for development of AKI.

Choice D reason: Digoxin is a cardiac glycoside that can treat heart failure or atrial fibrillation by increasing the force and efficiency of heart contractions and slowing down the heart rate. Digoxin does not cause nephrotoxicity

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason: Peripheral edema is not a common side effect of atorvastatin, and it is not related to increased CK levels. CK is an enzyme that is released when muscle tissue is damaged. Peripheral edema is more likely to be caused by heart failure, kidney disease, or venous insufficiency.

Choice B reason: Muscle tenderness is a sign of myopathy, which is a rare but serious adverse effect of atorvastatin. Myopathy is a condition where muscle fibers are damaged and inflamed, leading to muscle weakness and pain. Increased CK levels indicate muscle injury and can be a marker of myopathy. The nurse should monitor the client for muscle symptoms and report them to the prescriber.

Choice C reason: Nausea and vomiting are common gastrointestinal side effects of atorvastatin, but they are not associated with increased CK levels. Nausea and vomiting can be managed by taking the medication with food or reducing the dose.

Choice D reason: Excessive bruising is not a typical side effect of atorvastatin, and it is not linked to increased CK levels. Excessive bruising can be caused by bleeding disorders, anticoagulant therapy, or trauma. The nurse should assess the client for other signs of bleeding, such as hematuria, hematemesis, or melena.

A. A cool, humidified air. B. A quiet, restful environment. C. A dimly lit room. D. A warm room temperature.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: A cool, humidified air is not relevant for this client, as it does not affect the eyes or vision. A cool, humidified air may be beneficial for clients with respiratory conditions, such as asthma or bronchitis.

Choice B reason: A quiet, restful environment is not specific for this client, as it does not address the effects of mydriatic medication on the eyes or vision. A quiet, restful environment may be helpful for clients with stress, anxiety, or insomnia.

Choice C reason: A dimly lit room is the best environment for this client, as it reduces the glare and discomfort caused by mydriatic medication. Mydriatic medication is a type of eye drop that dilates the pupils and prevents them from constricting in response to light. This can improve the examination of the retina and optic nerve, but it also makes the eyes more sensitive to light and reduces the ability to focus on near objects.

Choice D reason: A warm room temperature is not necessary for this client, as it does not affect the eyes or vision. A warm room temperature may be comfortable for clients with cold intolerance, such as hypothyroidism or Raynaud's phenomenon.

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When administering medications to a group of clients, which client should the nurse closely monitor for development of acute kidney injury (AKI)?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client taking atorvastatin develops an increased serum creatine phosphokinase (CK) level. The nurse should assess the client for the onset of which problem?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

The nurse is planning the home care of a client who is receiving a mydriatic medication. Which environment is best for this client?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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