The nurse is providing care for a client with a recent transverse colostomy. Which observation requires immediate notification of the primary health care provider?

Soft pasty stool is noted in the collection device

There is purple discoloration of the stoma

Stoma is beefy red

There is skin excoriation around the stoma

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A Reason: Soft pasty stool is normal for a transverse colostomy, as the stool has not reached the sigmoid colon where most of the water is absorbed.

Choice B Reason: This is the correct answer because purple discoloration of the stoma indicates ischemia or necrosis, which can lead to infection, perforation, or sepsis. It requires urgent intervention.

Choice C Reason: Stoma is beefy red is a normal finding for a healthy stoma, as it indicates adequate blood supply and healing.

Choice D Reason: There is skin excoriation around the stoma is a common complication of a colostomy, as the stool can irritate the skin. It can be managed with proper skin care and appliance fitting.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A Reason: This is the correct choice. Using the rule of nines, each arm accounts for 9 percent of TBSA, each leg accounts for 18 percent of TBSA, and front and back are equally divided. Therefore, burns on both sides of both arms and legs equal to (9 + 9) x 2 + (18 + 18) x 2 = 36 percent of TBSA.

Choice B Reason: This choice is incorrect. Using the rule of nines, burns on both sides of both arms and legs equal to 36 percent of TBSA, not 54 percent. To get 54 percent of TBSA, one would have to add burns on both sides of head and neck (9 percent), chest (9 percent), and abdomen (9 percent).

Choice C Reason: This choice is incorrect. Using the rule of nines, burns on both sides of both arms and legs equal to 36 percent of TBSA, not 27 percent. To get 27 percent of TBSA, one would have to subtract burns on both sides of one leg (18 percent).

Choice D Reason: This choice is incorrect. Using the rule of nines, burns on both sides of both arms and legs equal to 36 percent of TBSA, not 18 percent. To get 18 percent of TBSA, one would have to divide burns on both sides of both arms and legs by two.

Choice E Reason: This choice is incorrect. Using the rule of nines, burns on both sides of both arms and legs equal to 36 percent of TBSA, not 9 percent. To get 9 percent of TBSA, one would have to divide burns on both sides of both arms and legs by four.

A. The burned area is yellow in color with severe edema. B. The burned area is black in color and pain is absent. C. The burned area is pink in color with blisters present. D. The burned area is red in color with soft eschar present.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A Reason: The burned area is yellow in color with severe edema is not a finding of a deep partial-thickness burn, but a superficial partial-thickness burn. A superficial partial-thickness burn involves the epidermis and the upper layer of the dermis, causing pain, redness, swelling, and blistering.

Choice B Reason: The burned area is black in color and pain is absent is not a finding of a deep partial-thickness burn, but a full-thickness burn. A full-thickness burn involves the epidermis, dermis, and underlying tissues, causing necrosis, charred skin, and loss of sensation.

Choice C Reason:This description aligns with a superficial partial-thickness (first-degree or mild second-degree) burn rather than a deep partial-thickness burn. Superficial partial-thickness burns involve the epidermis and the upper portion of the dermis. These burns appear pink or red, often accompanied by moisture and blister formation due to fluid leakage from damaged capillaries. They are painful because nerve endings remain intact. Healing occurs within 10 to 21 days without significant scarring.

Choice D Reason:Deep partial-thickness burns extend deeper into the dermis, damaging a larger portion of skin structures, including sweat glands and hair follicles. These burns typically appear red or white and may have a soft eschar (dead tissue), which differentiates them from more superficial burns that do not develop eschar. Unlike full-thickness burns, nerve endings remain partially intact, so the patient may still experience some pain. These burns take more than 21 days to heal and often require skin grafting to prevent complications such as contractures or hypertrophic scarring.

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The nurse is providing care for a client with a recent transverse colostomy. Which observation requires immediate notification of the primary health care provider?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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Correct Answer is D

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