The nurse is obtaining a health history from a new client who has a history of kidney stones. Which statement by the client indicates an increased risk for renal calculi?
Jogs more frequently than usual daily routine.
Eats a vegetarian diet with cheese 2 to 3 times a day.
Experiences additional stress since adopting a child.
Drinks several bottles of carbonated water daily
The Correct Answer is D
A. Jogs more frequently than usual daily routine:
Exercise, including jogging, is generally not associated with an increased risk of renal calculi. In fact, regular physical activity can have health benefits.
B. Eats a vegetarian diet with cheese 2 to 3 times a day:
A vegetarian diet alone is not necessarily a risk factor for renal calculi. However, the inclusion of high-oxalate foods, such as certain types of cheese, may contribute to the formation of kidney stones.
C. Experiences additional stress since adopting a child:
Stress is not a direct risk factor for renal calculi. However, certain dietary and lifestyle factors play a more significant role in stone formation.
D. Drinks several bottles of carbonated water daily:
This is the correct answer. Consuming large amounts of carbonated water, especially if it is high in phosphoric acid, can contribute to the formation of kidney stones. Carbonated beverages may increase the excretion of calcium in the urine, potentially leading to stone formation.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Carefully cleans and peels all fresh fruit and vegetables:
While cleaning and peeling fresh fruits and vegetables may contribute to food safety, it is not a specific indication of adherence to the DASH eating plan.
B. Uses only lactose-free dairy products:
The DASH eating plan encourages the consumption of low-fat or fat-free dairy products. Using lactose-free dairy products may be necessary for individuals with lactose intolerance, but it is not a specific behavior related to the DASH plan.
C. No longer includes grains in the daily diet:
The DASH eating plan includes whole grains as part of a balanced diet. Eliminating grains altogether is not consistent with the DASH plan, which encourages the consumption of whole grains.
D. Enjoys fat-free yogurt as an occasional snack food:
This is the correct answer. The DASH eating plan recommends the inclusion of low-fat or fat-free dairy products as part of a heart-healthy diet. Choosing fat-free yogurt as an occasional snack aligns with the principles of the DASH plan, which emphasizes low-fat dairy options.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Hypovolemia and electrocardiographic (ECG) changes:
During the diuretic phase of AKI, there is an increased urine output, and the risk of dehydration and hypovolemia is elevated. The nurse should closely monitor fluid balance to prevent dehydration, and ECG changes may occur due to electrolyte imbalances (such as hypokalemia) associated with diuresis.
B. Uremic irritation of mucous membranes and skin surfaces:
Uremic symptoms are more prominent in the oliguric phase of AKI when waste products accumulate in the blood. In the diuretic phase, the focus shifts more toward managing fluid and electrolyte balance.
C. Side effects of total parental nutrition (TPN) and Intralipids:
TPN and Intralipids are not directly related to the diuretic phase of AKI. Monitoring for side effects of TPN and Intralipids may be relevant in other clinical contexts but is not the primary concern in the diuretic phase.
D. Elevated creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (BUN):
Monitoring creatinine and BUN levels is important for assessing kidney function, but in the diuretic phase, the focus shifts to managing fluid and electrolyte balance. The risk of hypovolemia and electrolyte imbalances is more immediate during this phase.
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