The nurse is obtaining a health history from a new client who has a history of kidney stones. Which statement by the client indicates an increased risk for renal calculi?
Jogs more frequently than usual daily routine.
Eats a vegetarian diet with cheese 2 to 3 times a day.
Experiences additional stress since adopting a child.
Drinks several bottles of carbonated water daily
The Correct Answer is D
A. Jogs more frequently than usual daily routine:
Exercise, including jogging, is generally not associated with an increased risk of renal calculi. In fact, regular physical activity can have health benefits.
B. Eats a vegetarian diet with cheese 2 to 3 times a day:
A vegetarian diet alone is not necessarily a risk factor for renal calculi. However, the inclusion of high-oxalate foods, such as certain types of cheese, may contribute to the formation of kidney stones.
C. Experiences additional stress since adopting a child:
Stress is not a direct risk factor for renal calculi. However, certain dietary and lifestyle factors play a more significant role in stone formation.
D. Drinks several bottles of carbonated water daily:
This is the correct answer. Consuming large amounts of carbonated water, especially if it is high in phosphoric acid, can contribute to the formation of kidney stones. Carbonated beverages may increase the excretion of calcium in the urine, potentially leading to stone formation.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Family members can help with regular foot exams:
This is the correct answer. Regular foot exams are essential for individuals with diabetes, especially those with peripheral neuropathy. Family members can assist in identifying any changes, cuts, or wounds on the feet that the client might not be able to perceive due to neuropathy.
B. Heating pads are useful if on the lowest setting:
The use of heating pads is generally not recommended for individuals with peripheral neuropathy. They may have reduced sensation, making it difficult to detect if the pad is too hot, leading to the risk of burns.
C. Aching feet may be soaked in lukewarm water for one hour or more:
Prolonged soaking of feet is not advisable, as it can lead to maceration of the skin and increase the risk of infection. A short, lukewarm foot soak is generally acceptable, but the duration should be limited.
D. Shoes should be worn outside the house, but it is fine to be barefoot inside:
Individuals with diabetes and peripheral neuropathy should wear protective footwear both inside and outside the house to prevent injuries and reduce the risk of complications.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Hypovolemia and electrocardiographic (ECG) changes:
During the diuretic phase of AKI, there is an increased urine output, and the risk of dehydration and hypovolemia is elevated. The nurse should closely monitor fluid balance to prevent dehydration, and ECG changes may occur due to electrolyte imbalances (such as hypokalemia) associated with diuresis.
B. Uremic irritation of mucous membranes and skin surfaces:
Uremic symptoms are more prominent in the oliguric phase of AKI when waste products accumulate in the blood. In the diuretic phase, the focus shifts more toward managing fluid and electrolyte balance.
C. Side effects of total parental nutrition (TPN) and Intralipids:
TPN and Intralipids are not directly related to the diuretic phase of AKI. Monitoring for side effects of TPN and Intralipids may be relevant in other clinical contexts but is not the primary concern in the diuretic phase.
D. Elevated creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (BUN):
Monitoring creatinine and BUN levels is important for assessing kidney function, but in the diuretic phase, the focus shifts to managing fluid and electrolyte balance. The risk of hypovolemia and electrolyte imbalances is more immediate during this phase.
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