The nurse is providing teaching to a client with type 2 diabetes mellitus about important points for disease and symptom management. Which statement
by the client indicates understanding?
Get an eye examination with an ophthalmologist annually.
Arrange diet schedule around three regular meals a day.
Using garlic, herbs, and spices will improve the flavor of food.
Inspect feet every month for ingrown nails, cuts, and calluses.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice B reason: Arranging diet schedule around three regular meals a day is not a sufficient point for disease and symptom management for a client with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetes mellitus is a condition that affects the body's ability to produce or use insulin, a hormone that regulates blood glucose levels. Eating three regular meals a day may not be enough to control blood glucose levels and prevent complications such as hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia. The nurse should teach the client to follow a balanced diet that includes carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals, and fiber, and to eat smaller portions more frequently throughout the day.
Choice C reason: Using garlic, herbs, and spices will improve the flavor of food is not a specific point for disease and symptom management for a client with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Garlic, herbs, and spices are natural ingredients that can enhance the taste and aroma of food, but they do not have a direct impact on blood glucose levels or diabetes complications. The nurse should teach the client to limit the intake of salt, sugar, and saturated fats, and to choose foods that are low in glycemic index and high in antioxidants.
Choice D reason: Inspecting feet every month for ingrown nails, cuts, and calluses is not a frequent enough point for disease and symptom management for a client with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetes mellitus can cause damage to the blood vessels and nerves in the feet, leading to reduced sensation, poor circulation, infection, ulceration, and amputation. The nurse should teach the client to inspect feet every day for any signs of injury or infection, and to wash, dry, moisturize, and protect them properly. The nurse should also advise the client to wear comfortable shoes and socks, avoid walking barefoot, and seek medical attention for any foot problems.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: Support stockings may help with peripheral edema, but they are not the priority intervention for this client. The client's low serum albumin level indicates malnutrition and increased risk of infection and poor wound healing.
Choice C reason: Evaluating patency of the AV graft is not the priority intervention for this client because the client is receiving peritoneal dialysis, not hemodialysis. The AV graft may be used in the future if peritoneal dialysis fails, but it is not an immediate concern.
Choice D reason: Instructing the client to follow fluid restriction amounts is important for peritoneal dialysis patients, but it is not the priority intervention for this client. The client's low serum albumin level indicates that fluid restriction alone is not sufficient to manage fluid balance and prevent edema.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: Reminding the UAP to apply a fitted respirator mask before entering the client's room is not a necessary action for the nurse to take. A respirator mask is a type of personal protective equipment (PPE. that filters out airborne particles and droplets that may contain infectious agents. A respirator mask is required for clients who have or are suspected of having airborne diseases, such as tuberculosis, measles, or chickenpox. Influenza is a respiratory disease that is transmitted by droplet contact, not by airborne contact.
Choice B reason: Instructing the UAP to notify the nurse of any changes in the client's respiratory status is not a specific action for the nurse to take. Respiratory status is an assessment of the client's breathing pattern, rate, depth, effort, and oxygen saturation. Respiratory status can be affected by various factors, such as infection, inflammation, obstruction, or injury. The nurse should monitor the client's respiratory status regularly and teach the UAP to report any signs or symptoms of respiratory distress, such as dyspnea, cyanosis, wheezes, or cough.
Choice D reason: Assigning the UAP to provide care for another client and assuming full care of the client is not a feasible action for the nurse to take. The nurse should delegate tasks according to the scope of practice, competency, and availability of staff. The nurse should not reassign staff without a valid reason or without consulting with other team members. The nurse should also not assume full care of a client unless it is necessary or appropriate. The nurse should supervise and evaluate the UAP's performance and provide feedback and guidance.
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