The nurse is informed that a patient had abnormal heart sounds during the night shift. When auscultating abnormal heart sounds, the nurse knows to listen to heart sounds with the:

bell of the stethoscope on top of the patient's gown.

diaphragm of the stethoscope directly on the patient's skin.

diaphragm of the stethoscope on top of the patient's gown.

bell of the stethoscope directly on the patient's skin.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A.   The bell is used to detect low-pitched sounds, but abnormal heart sounds are often high-pitched, requiring the diaphragm.
B.   The diaphragm of the stethoscope is best for detecting high-pitched heart sounds, such as murmurs or abnormal rhythms.
C.   The diaphragm on top of the gown would create interference and prevent proper auscultation of heart sounds.
D.   The bell is used for lower-pitched sounds and is not the best choice for auscultating abnormal heart sounds.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Checking for normal, coordinated eye movement is key when assessing extraocular movements, which should be smooth and symmetric.
B. Pupillary dilation occurs under specific circumstances, such as low light, not necessarily when focusing on an object.
C. Blinking is a normal reflex but not a primary indicator when assessing extraocular movements.
D. Pupillary constriction is a separate function of the pupillary light reflex and not directly associated with extraocular movements.

A. 7 B. 12 C. 10 D. 15

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. A score of 7 would indicate a much lower level of consciousness and require urgent intervention.
B. A score of 12 would indicate some level of impairment, with the patient not fully alert or responsive.
C. A score of 10 would indicate some level of impairment, with the patient not fully alert or responsive.
D. A score of 15 on the Glasgow Coma Scale indicates full consciousness and normal neurological function. It is the highest possible score, reflecting a patient who is awake, aware, and able to follow commands.

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The nurse is informed that a patient had abnormal heart sounds during the night shift. When auscultating abnormal heart sounds, the nurse knows to listen to heart sounds with the:

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