A critically ill patient has faster and deeper, then slower, respirations. These are followed by a period of no breathing for 21 seconds with continuation of this cycle. This respiratory pattern is

Kussmaul's respirations.

Cheyne-Stokes respirations.

Biot's respirations.

Hyperventilation.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A.   Kussmaul's respirations are rapid, deep, and labored breaths often seen in metabolic acidosis, which does not match the pattern described.
B.   Cheyne-Stokes respirations are characterized by a pattern of deep and fast breathing followed by periods of apnea. This pattern is seen in patients with severe conditions like heart failure or brain injury.
C.   Biot's respirations are irregular, but the cycle does not have a distinct pattern of fast, slow, and apnea periods.
D.   Hyperventilation refers to an increased rate of breathing but does not involve the cycles of deep, slow, and apneic phases characteristic of Cheyne-Stokes.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Hyperthermia refers to an abnormally high body temperature due to external factors or failure to regulate body heat, not necessarily a fever coming down.
B. Pyrexia is another term for fever and occurs when the body temperature is elevated due to an infection or other causes.
C. Hypothermia refers to dangerously low body temperature, which is not related to a fever resolving.
D. Defervescence refers to the process of a fever breaking, and the body temperature returning to normal as the fever resolves.

A. respirations gradually decreasing in rate and depth. B. rapid wheezing respirations for two or three breaths with short periods of apnea. C. a breathing pattern of dyspnea followed by a short period of apnea. D. quick shallow respirations with long periods of apnea.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Gradual decreases in rate and depth are typically seen in other respiratory conditions, not Cheyne- Stokes breathing.
B. Wheezing is not associated with Cheyne-Stokes breathing but may be related to airway obstructions or lung conditions.
C. Cheyne-Stokes breathing is characterized by a pattern of deep, rapid breathing followed by a period of apnea, commonly seen in terminally ill patients.
D. Quick shallow respirations with long periods of apnea are not characteristic of Cheyne-Stokes breathing.

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