The nurse is doing an examination of a client's anterior thorax. The nurse recognizes that the trachea bifurcates anteriorly at the:

Xiphoid process.

Suprasternal notch.

Sternal angle.

Costal angle.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Xiphoid process:

The xiphoid process is a small, cartilaginous extension at the inferior end of the sternum (breastbone). It does not play a role in the bifurcation of the trachea.

B. Suprasternal notch:

The suprasternal notch, also known as the fossa jugularis sternalis or jugular notch, is the visible dip in the superior part of the manubrium of the sternum between the clavicular notches. It is an important anatomical landmark for assessing the position of the trachea during emergency situations but is not the location of tracheal bifurcation.

C. Sternal angle (Angle of Louis):

The sternal angle, or Angle of Louis, is a palpable notch located at the articulation of the manubrium and the body of the sternum. It is where the second rib attaches and serves as a useful reference point for counting ribs and locating internal structures like the tracheal bifurcation.

D. Costal angle:

The costal angle is the acute angle formed by the junction of the costal margins at the xiphoid process. It is not related to the tracheal bifurcation.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. A slight asymmetry in breast size can be expected: This response is accurate. It acknowledges the natural variation in breast size that many women experience. It's common for one breast to be slightly larger or shaped differently than the other. It assures the client that this asymmetry is normal and not a cause for concern.

B. Asymmetry of breast size and shape is probably due to breastfeeding and is nothing to worry about: While breastfeeding can cause temporary changes in breast size and shape, not all cases of breast asymmetry are related to breastfeeding. This statement might not cover all situations, making it less accurate.

C. A sudden uneven increase in breast size is normal in adults: This statement is not accurate. Sudden changes in breast size should always be investigated, as they can indicate underlying health issues and may not be considered normal.

D. Breasts should always be symmetric: This statement is not accurate. Perfect symmetry in breast size and shape is rare. Most women have some degree of asymmetry, which is entirely normal. It's important to reassure the client that slight differences are common and not a cause for concern.

A. Nystagmus in extreme superior gaze B. Slight amount of lid lag when moving the eyes from a superior to an inferior position C. Parallel movement of both eyes D. Convergence of the eyes

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Nystagmus in extreme superior gaze: Nystagmus is an involuntary eye movement and is not a normal finding, especially in extreme superior gaze. Nystagmus can be indicative of neurological issues and requires further evaluation.

B. Slight amount of lid lag when moving the eyes from a superior to an inferior position: Lid lag refers to a delay in the downward movement of the upper eyelid during eye movement. This can be a sign of hyperthyroidism and is not a normal finding.

C. Parallel movement of both eyes: This is the correct answer. During the diagnostic positions test, the nurse should observe parallel movement of both eyes in all directions, indicating normal extraocular muscle function and coordination.

D. Convergence of the eyes: Convergence refers to the inward movement of both eyes when focusing on a close object. While convergence is a normal phenomenon, it is not specifically assessed during the diagnostic positions test, which primarily evaluates the range of motion and coordination of the extraocular muscles.

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The nurse is doing an examination of a client's anterior thorax. The nurse recognizes that the trachea bifurcates anteriorly at the:

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is performing a breast exam on a client. The client asks the nurse why the left breast is slightly larger than the right breast. Which of the following should be the appropriate response by the nurse?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The nurse is performing the diagnostic positions test. The nurse recognizes that normal findings from the diagnostic positions test should be which of these results?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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