The nurse is discussing the treatment of congenital aganglionic megacolon (Hirschsprungs disease) with the caregivers of a 3-day-old newborn infant who presented with abdominal distension and failure to pass meconium. Which statement is the best explanation of the treatment for this diagnosis?
The treatment for the disorder will be a surgical procedure
Your child will be treated with oral iron preparations to correct the anemia
Your child will receive counseling so the underlying concerns will be addressed
We will give enemas until clear and then teach you how to do these at home
The Correct Answer is A
A. The primary treatment for congenital aganglionic megacolon (Hirschsprung's disease) is surgical intervention to remove the affected segment of the bowel, allowing for normal bowel function and preventing complications such as bowel obstruction.
B. Oral iron preparations would not address the underlying condition of Hirschsprung's disease, which is related to the lack of nerve cells in the bowel.
C. While counseling may be beneficial for the caregivers regarding the diagnosis and care, it is not the primary treatment for Hirschsprung's disease.
D. While enemas may be used temporarily to relieve constipation, they are not a definitive treatment for the disease, which requires surgical correction.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. While clear chicken broth can provide some hydration, it does not contain the necessary electrolytes to replace losses effectively.
B. Initiating oral rehydration therapy is critical for managing dehydration due to diarrhea and is the best approach for a child in this situation.
C. Starting a hypertonic solution is inappropriate and could lead to further dehydration or electrolyte imbalances.
D. Keeping the child NPO is not necessary; it is more important to maintain hydration and possibly offer oral rehydration solutions.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Acute glomerulonephritis is characterized by the sudden onset of hematuria (reddish-brown urine), proteinuria (4+ protein), and a recent history of streptococcal infection, making it the most likely diagnosis.
B. Renal agenesis is a congenital condition and would not present suddenly with abdominal pain and hematuria.
C. Nephrotic syndrome typically presents with significant proteinuria, but the acute onset of symptoms and recent strep throat history point more toward glomerulonephritis.
D. Polycystic kidney disease usually presents with abdominal or flank pain, hypertension, and hematuria over a more chronic course, not typically after an acute infection.
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