The nurse is caring for hospitalized clients. Which nursing action requires the nurse to use sterile gloves?

Administration of an enema

Administration of an intramuscular injection

Insertion of a nasogastric tube

Insertion of an indwelling catheter

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

D. Inserting an indwelling catheter involves placing a tube into the bladder through the urethra. The urethra and urinary tract are sterile areas. Sterile gloves are necessary to prevent introducing pathogens into the urinary tract during catheter insertion.

A. An enema involves introducing a solution into the rectum for therapeutic purposes. It does not require the use of sterile gloves because the rectum and lower gastrointestinal tract are not considered sterile areas.

B. Administering an intramuscular injection involves injecting medication into muscle tissue. It does not require sterile gloves unless the site needs to be cleaned with an antiseptic wipe, in which case non- sterile gloves are sufficient.

C. The insertion of a nasogastric tube also does not typically require sterile gloves, as the gastrointestinal tract is not a sterile environment.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

B Watching exciting or stimulating movies, especially horror movies, before bedtime can hinder sleep onset. Such activities can increase arousal and make it more difficult to relax and fall asleep. This statement suggests a lack of understanding of good sleep hygiene practices. Further teaching is needed to discourage stimulating activities before bedtime.

A. Consistency in sleep schedule helps regulate the body's internal clock (circadian rhythm) and can promote better sleep quality. There is no need for further teaching regarding this statement.

C. This statement reflects good sleep hygiene advice. Getting up and engaging in a quiet, boring activity if unable to fall asleep after about 30 minutes can prevent frustration and anxiety associated with lying awake in bed. This practice helps condition the mind to associate the bed with sleep rather than wakefulness. There is no need for further teaching regarding this statement.

D. This statement also reflects good sleep hygiene practices. Going to bed when feeling naturally tired can enhance the ability to fall asleep quickly. It aligns with the concept of associating the bed with sleepiness and promotes sleep onset. There is no need for further teaching regarding this statement.

A. Drugs given subcutaneously are absorbed more quickly than those given intramuscularly. B. Most drugs must enter the systemic circulation to have a therapeutic effect. C. Most oral medications are absorbed more quickly when administered with meals. D. Mucous membranes are relatively impermeable to chemicals, making absorption slow.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

B. Drug absorption refers to the process by which a drug moves from its site of administration into the bloodstream. Once absorbed into the bloodstream (systemic circulation), drugs can distribute to various tissues and exert their therapeutic effects.

A. Different routes of drug administration affect the rate and extent of absorption. Subcutaneous injections are generally absorbed more quickly than intramuscular injections due to differences in blood flow and tissue characteristics.

C. The effect of meals on drug absorption varies depending on the specific medication. Some drugs are absorbed faster on an empty stomach, while others may be absorbed better with food.

D. Mucous membranes, contrary to the statement, are relatively permeable to drugs, allowing for rapid absorption when medications are administered via buccal, sublingual, rectal, or vaginal routes.

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The nurse is caring for hospitalized clients. Which nursing action requires the nurse to use sterile gloves?

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