The nurse is caring for a patient with severe anemia and a hemoglobin level of 4 g/dL. Which clinical manifestation will the nurse expect the patient to exhibit?

Petechiae

Glossitis

Exertional dyspnea

Palpitations

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A reason: Petechiae are small red or purple spots caused by bleeding into the skin, typically not directly associated with anemia.

Choice B reason: Glossitis, which is inflammation of the tongue, can be associated with certain types of anemia but is not specifically related to the low hemoglobin level itself.

Choice C reason: Exertional dyspnea, or difficulty breathing upon exertion, is a common symptom of severe anemia due to the reduced oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood.

Choice D reason: Palpitations, or feeling that the heart is racing or fluttering, can occur in severe anemia as the heart attempts to compensate for the lack of oxygen in the blood.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason: Ensuring the patient has no questions before signing the consent is a standard and appropriate practice.

Choice B reason: A nurse can witness the patient's signature on the consent form, which is a normal procedure.

Choice C reason: Consent is not universally good for 30 days; it is specific to the procedure and timing, and this statement could mislead and cause legal issues.

Choice D reason: Saying that informed consent protects the hospital from all lawsuits is incorrect and could lead to a false sense of security, as informed consent is about patient autonomy, not just legal protection.

A. Patients with HbA1c levels below 6% are less likely to experience complications. B. Most complications involve either the large or tiny vessels of the body. C. Chronic hypoglycemia causes a variety of serious complications. D. Type 1 diabetics are at greatest risk for complications even with tight control.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason: While patients with HbA1c levels below 6% are generally considered to have good glycemic control, this does not guarantee they will be free from complications.

Choice B reason: Diabetes complications often involve vascular issues, affecting both large (macrovascular) and small (microvascular) blood vessels, leading to a range of complications such as cardiovascular disease and neuropathy.

Choice C reason: Chronic hypoglycemia can lead to various health issues, but it is not typically classified as a long-term complication of diabetes. Instead, it is a risk associated with diabetes management, particularly with insulin use.

Choice D reason: Both Type 1 and Type 2 diabetics are at risk for complications. Tight glycemic control can reduce the risk, but it does not eliminate it, and Type 1 diabetics are not necessarily at the greatest risk.

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The nurse is caring for a patient with severe anemia and a hemoglobin level of 4 g/dL. Which clinical manifestation will the nurse expect the patient to exhibit?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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