The nurse is caring for a patient who must undergo a splenectomy for treatment for idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). Which of the following statements best describes the rationale for the splenectomy?

The spleen is the primary site for platelet destruction.

The spleen is at risk for infection due to the critical loss of WBCs.

Your spleen is making too many platelets.

The spleen causes an overabundance of immature platelets.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. The spleen is the primary site for platelet destruction. In ITP, the spleen often sequesters and destroys platelets, leading to low platelet levels. Removing the spleen reduces platelet destruction and can help increase platelet counts in affected patients.

B. The spleen is at risk for infection due to the critical loss of WBCs. While infection risk increases after splenectomy, this is not the rationale for the procedure. The spleen does play a role in immune function, but splenectomy is indicated for reducing platelet destruction, not infection prevention.

C. Your spleen is making too many platelets. The spleen does not produce platelets; rather, it filters and sometimes destroys them, particularly in ITP. This choice does not accurately reflect the pathophysiology of ITP.

D. The spleen causes an overabundance of immature platelets. The spleen does not cause an increase in immature platelets. In ITP, platelets are destroyed, not overproduced.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. The patient should increase intake of fluids. Increased fluid intake helps flush excess calcium from the kidneys, which is vital for patients with hypercalcemia, a common complication of multiple myeloma.

B. The patient should increase intake of fresh fruits. Fresh fruits can be healthy but do not directly reduce hypercalcemia risk. Fluid intake is more critical in preventing calcium build up.

C. The patient should decrease intake of red meat. While reducing red meat can be beneficial for overall health, it does not directly address hypercalcemia.

D. The patient should avoid alcoholic beverages. Avoiding alcohol is generally beneficial, but it is not specifically related to managing hypercalcemia in multiple myeloma.

A. Heat relaxes the muscles and distracts the patient from the pain. B. Sickle cell crisis pain can be exacerbated with shivering. C. Heat promotes proper formation of red blood cells (RBCs) and prevents sickling. D. Heat increases circulation by preventing vasoconstriction.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Heat relaxes the muscles and distracts the patient from the pain. While warmth can provide comfort, the main goal is to improve circulation rather than distraction.

B. Sickle cell crisis pain can be exacerbated with shivering. Although shivering may be uncomfortable, it is not the primary reason for using heat during a sickle cell crisis.

C. Heat promotes proper formation of red blood cells (RBCs) and prevents sickling. Heat does not affect RBC formation or prevent sickling. The condition of sickling is due to genetic factors, not temperature.

D. Heat increases circulation by preventing vasoconstriction. In sickle cell crisis, warmth helps prevent vasoconstriction, which can reduce blood flow to areas already compromised by sickled cells. Preventing vasoconstriction may help alleviate pain and improve circulation.

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The nurse is caring for a patient who must undergo a splenectomy for treatment for idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). Which of the following statements best describes the rationale for the splenectomy?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is assisting the patient with multiple myeloma in arranging a meal plan to lower the risk of complications from hypercalcemia. Which of the following would be the MOST IMPORTANT component of the patient's intake?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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