The nurse is caring for a patient receiving a continuous albuterol nebulizer for an acute asthma attack. Which arterial blood gas result would indicate that the treatment has been effective?

ABG Value

Normal Range

pH

7.35- 7.45

PaCO2

35-45 mm Hg

HCO3

22-25 mEq/L

Base excess

-2 to +2

PaO2

80-95 mm Hg

SaO2

>95%

pH 7.39, PaO2 88 mmHg, PaCO2 35 mmHg, HCO3 23 mEq/L

pH 7.52, PaO2 86 mmHg, PaCO2 30 mmHg, HCO3 22 mEq/L

pH 7.35, PaO2 75 mmHg, PaCO2 48 mmHg, HCO3 27 mEq/L

pH 7.30, PaO2 90 mmHg, PaCO2 44 mmHg, HCO3 18 mEq/L

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. A pH within the normal range, a PaCO2 within the normal range, and an improved PaO2 level suggest effective treatment for an asthma attack, indicating adequate gas exchange and resolution of respiratory distress.

B. A pH of 7.52 and low PaCO2 suggest respiratory alkalosis, which can occur with hyperventilation and may indicate overventilation rather than effective asthma treatment.

C. This result shows elevated PaCO2 and borderline low PaO2, indicating ongoing respiratory acidosis and hypoxia, suggesting the treatment is not yet effective.

D. This ABG result shows low pH, indicating acidosis, and a low bicarbonate level, which may indicate metabolic acidosis rather than effective asthma management.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. The fifth intercostal space at the left midclavicular line is the location of the mitral valve, where murmurs associated with mitral valve disease are best auscultated.

B. The fourth intercostal space at the right sternal border is the location for assessing the tricuspid valve, not the mitral valve.

C. The third intercostal space at the left midclavicular line is not associated with loudest auscultation of the mitral valve murmur.

D. The second intercostal space at the right sternal border is where the aortic valve sounds are best heard.

A. after the client has an electroencephalogram (EEG)." B. due to having minimal risk for infection." C. by threading it through the femoral artery to the brain." D. to monitor intracranial pressure (ICP) and drain the cerebral spinal fluid."

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. EEG is a monitoring tool for brain activity, but it is not a prerequisite for ventriculostomy placement.

B. While the procedure is carefully managed to reduce infection risk, ventriculostomy does have an infection risk due to its invasive nature.

C. Ventriculostomy is not inserted via the femoral artery; it is placed directly in the brain’s ventricles.

D. A ventriculostomy is used to monitor ICP and allows for the drainage of cerebrospinal fluid, which helps in managing elevated ICP in patients with brain injuries.

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ABG Value	Normal Range
pH	7.35- 7.45
PaCO2	35-45 mm Hg
HCO3	22-25 mEq/L
Base excess	-2 to +2
PaO2	80-95 mm Hg
SaO2	>95%

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is caring for a patient with mitral valve disease. At which anatomic landmark will the nurse hear a heart murmur the loudest?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The nurse is educating on the placement of a ventriculostomy (intraventricular catheter) to the patient diagnosed with a brain injury and their family. The nurse states, "The ventriculostomy is placed:

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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