The nurse is caring for a patient in the acute care setting with a spinal cord injury (SCI) at the level of C-3. What is the main cause of complications or death related to this injury?

Bradycardia

Sepsis

Hypertension

Respiratory compromise

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Bradycardia is possible due to autonomic dysfunction but is not the leading cause of death.

B. Sepsis can occur due to immobility and pressure injuries but is secondary to respiratory compromise.

C. Hypertension is not directly linked to high cervical spine injuries and is less common than respiratory issues in this setting.

D. Respiratory compromise is the primary cause of complications or death in patients with a high cervical spine injury (C-3 and above) due to loss of innervation to the diaphragm and intercostal muscles, which impairs spontaneous breathing. Mechanical ventilation is often required to maintain adequate oxygenation.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Elevating the head of the bed, loosening clothing, and checking for urinary catheter obstruction are key steps to lower blood pressure and relieve triggers of autonomic dysreflexia, a potentially life-threatening condition.

B. A cool compress may provide comfort but does not directly address the primary triggers or symptoms of autonomic dysreflexia.

C. Semi-Fowler's position is insufficient compared to a full 90-degree sitting position, which helps reduce blood pressure.

D. IV access and oxygen may be required if symptoms do not resolve, but immediate actions focus on relieving the cause of dysreflexia.

A. was found facedown in water for unknown length of time. B. has had multiple concussions in a short period of time. C. was in an assault resulting in a basilar skull fracture. D. suffered an epidural hematoma.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. A patient found facedown in water is at high risk of anoxic brain injury due to potential prolonged oxygen deprivation, which is directly associated with lack of oxygen to the brain.

B. Multiple concussions can lead to other types of brain injury but are less associated with anoxic injury than prolonged oxygen deprivation.

C. A basilar skull fracture can cause complications such as CSF leaks but does not directly cause an anoxic brain injury.

D. An epidural hematoma may increase ICP, but with timely intervention, anoxic injury may be avoided; anoxic brain injury is more directly related to oxygen deprivation.

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The nurse is caring for a patient in the acute care setting with a spinal cord injury (SCI) at the level of C-3. What is the main cause of complications or death related to this injury?

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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