The nurse is caring for a newborn with a diagnosis of tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF). Which of the following assessment findings may be present in a newborn with TEF? (Select All that Apply.)

Normal feeding and swallowing

Sunken abdomen

Excessive drooling

Respiratory distress

Coughing or choking during feeding

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : C,D,E

A.   Normal feeding and swallowing would not be expected in a newborn with TEF, as they typically have difficulty feeding and may choke or cough.
B.   Sunken abdomen is not a typical finding for TEF.
C.   Excessive drooling is a common symptom due to the inability to swallow saliva properly.
D.   Respiratory distress is a hallmark sign of TEF, as the fistula can lead to aspiration and breathing difficulties.
E.   Coughing or choking during feeding is another classic sign of TEF due to the abnormal connection between the esophagus and the trachea.

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Correct Answer is ["A","C","D","E"]

Explanation

A. Atlantoaxial instability is a condition that can occur in children with Down syndrome, where the upper spine is less stable, leading to potential neurological complications.
B. Normal developmental milestones are typically delayed in children with Down syndrome, making this option incorrect.
C. Congenital hypothyroidism is common in children with Down syndrome, and thyroid function should be regularly monitored.
D. Children with Down syndrome are at higher risk for frequent respiratory infections due to an altered immune system and other factors.

E. Congenital heart defects are present in a significant number of children with Down syndrome, making this a key clinical manifestation.

A. Thickened the formula with cereal. B. Infant should be laying back C. Position the infant in an upright position during feedings D. Nasogastric tube may be needed.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Thickening the formula with cereal is generally not recommended for infants with a cleft lip and palate as it can cause additional feeding difficulties.
B. Positioning the infant laying back can increase the risk of aspiration and is not recommended. An upright position helps reduce the risk of aspiration.
C. Positioning the infant upright during feedings helps reduce the risk of aspiration and facilitates better feeding for infants with cleft lip and palate.
D. A nasogastric tube may be needed if the infant is unable to feed orally due to the severity of the cleft, but this is not a routine part of feeding education.

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The nurse is caring for a newborn with a diagnosis of tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF). Which of the following assessment findings may be present in a newborn with TEF? (Select All that Apply.)

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a 3-year-old child with Down Syndrome. Which clinical manifestations should the nurse recognize as associated with Down Syndrome? (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)

Correct Answer is ["A","C","D","E"]

Explanation

A nurse is providing education about feedings to the parents of a newborn with a cleft lip and palate. The education includes the use of a specialized bottle/nurser, offering frequent short feedings, and burping more frequently. What other education should the nurse include?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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