The nurse is caring for a hospitalized client who is attempting to pass a kidney stone. Which clinical manifestation should the nurse recognize as Indicating a potential emergency situation?

Renal colic

Hematuria in urinalysis

Nausea

Anuria

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

D. Anuria refers to the absence of urine production, which can occur due to urinary tract obstruction, severe dehydration, or renal failure. In the context of a client attempting to pass a kidney stone, anuria would be a concerning sign indicating potential urinary tract obstruction requiring urgent medical attention.
A. Renal colic refers to severe flank pain caused by the passage of a kidney stone through the urinary tract. While renal colic is a common symptom of kidney stones and can cause significant discomfort, it does not necessarily indicate an emergency situation unless it is associated with complications such as obstructive uropathy or infection.
B. Hematuria, or blood in the urine, is a common finding in individuals with kidney stones. It occurs due to irritation or injury to the urinary tract as the stone passes through.
C. Nausea is a common symptom experienced by individuals with kidney stones, particularly if there is associated pain or discomfort. While nausea can be distressing, it does not typically indicate an emergency situation unless it is severe and persistent, leading to dehydration or other complications.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

D. Pregnancy is a known risk factor for gallstone formation and cholecystitis. Hormonal changes during pregnancy, particularly increased levels of estrogen, can lead to increased cholesterol saturation in bile, decreased gallbladder emptying, and increased risk of gallstone formation.
A. Fiber helps to regulate bowel movements and may decrease cholesterol levels in bile, thereby reducing the likelihood of gallstone formation.
B. Pregnancy itself can predispose individuals to gallstone formation due to hormonal changes that increase cholesterol saturation in bile. However, normal weight gain reduces the risk of cholecystitis.
C. Certain ethnicities, including individuals of Native American, Hispanic, and African-American ancestry, have a higher prevalence of gallstones compared to other populations. However, ethnicity alone may not be a direct cause of acute cholecystitis.

A. Urine output 50 mL per hour B. Heart rate 60 beats/minute C. Heart rhythm regular D. Blood pressure 120/90

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. While it may have some impact on kidney function indirectly through its effects on blood pressure and heart function, urine output is not the primary parameter used to assess the effectiveness of carvedilol in a patient with a history of unstable angina.
B. Carvedilol, as a beta-blocker, helps reduce heart rate by blocking the effects of adrenaline on the heart. In unstable angina, lowering the heart rate can reduce myocardial oxygen demand, which is beneficial in managing ischemic symptoms
C. Carvedilol primarily affects heart rate and blood pressure but doesn't directly regulate heart rhythm. However, in patients with certain cardiac conditions, like heart failure or left ventricular dysfunction after a heart attack, carvedilol can sometimes help to stabilize heart rhythm indirectly by reducing stress on the heart.
D. Carvedilol is also effective in reducing blood pressure, which is beneficial in patients with unstable angina, as it decreases the workload on the heart and the oxygen demand of the myocardium. A blood pressure reading of 120/90 is within the normal range for an adult and indicates good control of blood pressure.

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The nurse is caring for a hospitalized client who is attempting to pass a kidney stone. Which clinical manifestation should the nurse recognize as Indicating a potential emergency situation?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is caring for a client admitted with a first episode of acute cholecystitis. Which of the following may have contributed to this event? She:

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

The nurse is evaluating the medical prescription of carvedilol 6.25 mg PO daily for a client with a history of unstable angina. Which of the following reflects that the medication's action has been effective?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

The nurse educator is speaking with a community group about renal disorders. Which statement is appropriate for the educator to include regarding renal stones?

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