The nurse is caring for a hospitalized child newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus. At 1100, the child suddenly complains of weakness, headache, and blurred vision. How would the nurse respond?

Give the child 1⁄2 cup of orange juice to drink.

Call the dietary department and ask that the lunch tray be delivered early.

Contact the physician.

Obtain a blood glucose reading

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Give the child 1⁄2 cup of orange juice to drink. These symptoms indicate hypoglycemia, a common early complication of diabetes treatment. Orange juice contains quick-acting sugars that can rapidly raise blood glucose levels and alleviate symptoms. This is the immediate action to manage the child's symptoms.
B. Call the dietary department and ask that the lunch tray be delivered early. Delayed action compared to treating the immediate hypoglycemia.
C. Contact the physician. While eventually necessary, immediate treatment of hypoglycemia takes precedence.
D. Obtain a blood glucose reading. Important to confirm hypoglycemia but not as urgent as providing immediate treatment.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Dry mucous membranes. Associated with dehydration, not hypoglycemia.
B. Diaphoresis. Sweating (diaphoresis) is a common symptom of hypoglycemia due to the body’s response to low blood glucose levels.
C. Polyuria. Associated with hyperglycemia, where there is an excess of glucose leading to increased urine output.
D. Fruity breath odor. Indicates ketosis, which is a sign of hyperglycemia and diabetic ketoacidosis, not hypoglycemia.

A. Take the prescribed insulin 30 minutes before practice or game time rather than in the morning. B. Eat half the amount of food normally eaten at lunchtime. C. Eat six graham crackers or drink a cup of orange juice before practice or game time. D. Take two times the amount of prescribed insulin on practice and game days.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Take the prescribed insulin 30 minutes before practice or game time rather than in the morning. Insulin timing should generally be consistent with meal times to match insulin action with food intake. Adjusting timing without medical advice can lead to imbalanced blood sugar levels.
B. Eat half the amount of food normally eaten at lunchtime. Eating less food than usual can lead to hypoglycemia during prolonged physical activity and is not recommended.
C. Eat six graham crackers or drink a cup of orange juice before practice or game time. This action helps to prevent hypoglycemia during physical activity by providing quick-acting carbohydrates that can be readily absorbed and utilized by the body.
D. Take two times the amount of prescribed insulin on practice and game days. Doubling insulin doses without medical supervision can lead to hypoglycemia and is not appropriate for managing blood sugar during physical activity.

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The nurse is caring for a hospitalized child newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus. At 1100, the child suddenly complains of weakness, headache, and blurred vision. How would the nurse respond?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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